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作 者:汪鹏 赵方杰[1] Peng Wang;Fangjie Zhao(State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Center for Agriculture and Health,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)
机构地区:[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,南京210095 [2]南京农业大学前沿交叉研究院,农业与健康研究中心,南京210095
出 处:《科学通报》2022年第27期3252-3260,共9页Chinese Science Bulletin
基 金:国家自然科学基金(41977375);江苏省重点研发专项(BE2021717)资助。
摘 要:大米镉限量标准对评估土壤环境质量和保障人体健康具有重要的作用.当前,我国大米镉限量标准值存在很大争议.本文从人体镉摄入健康指导值、暴露风险、膳食结构等角度,论述了我国现行大米镉限量标准值的合理性,并对限量标准值制修订提出了建议.Cadmium(Cd),as a class one carcinogen,is easily transferred from soil to the food chain,representing a potential threat to human health.Rapid industrialization in China during the last three decades has caused widespread contamination in agricultural soils.As a result,a considerable proportion of the rice grain in some areas of southern China has concentrations of Cd exceeding the Chinese food safety standard.This problem has raised a widespread concern regarding food safety and brought a big debate in China about whether the current food safety standard is reasonable.The food safety standard of Cd is not only critical for assessing soil environmental quality,but also important to reduce the current elevated dietary Cd intake for the general population.In this perspective,we summarize the history of establishment and revision in Chinese food safety standards of Cd in staple foods and discuss whether the current Cd safety limits for both rice and wheat are reasonable in terms of the tolerable limit for dietary Cd intake,dietary pattern,the current exposure level of Cd for the general pollution,and social-economic and international trading factors.The dietary Cd intake for the general population has doubled over the last 25 years,from 13.8μg/d in 1990 to 32.7μg/d in 2011–2015,with the latter being approximately61%of the provisional tolerable intake recommended by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives(JECFA).The growing body of evidence suggests no safe Cd intake limit for human health and consequently,dietary intake of Cd should be reduced as much as possible.The milling(i.e.,polishing)process has an uncertain effect on change in Cd concentration in polished rice compared to the brown rice because of the uncertainty of the Cd spatial distribution pattern in rice grain.Furthermore,polished rice has higher bioavailability of Cd to humans than brown rice.These differences should be considered when extrapolating the food safety standard between brown rice and polished rice.According to the current ex
关 键 词:暴露风险 限量标准 膳食结构 人体健康 土壤环境质量 制修订 镉摄入 健康指导值
分 类 号:X56[环境科学与工程—环境工程]
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