基于浅海环境潜器振动的水下声辐射计算模型研究进展  

A review of computational models for underwater acoustic radiation induced by structural vibration in the shallow marine environment

作　　者：习强[1] 傅卓佳[1] Qiang Xi;Zhuojia Fu(College of Mechanics and Materials,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学力学与材料学院,南京211100

出　　处：《科学通报》2022年第27期3269-3281,共13页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12122205);江苏省“六大人才高峰”高层次人才项目(2019-KTHY-009);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(B210203023)资助。

摘　　要：海洋环境中水下潜器振动与声学行为的准确预测是潜艇声隐身技术和海洋水声探测技术的研究基础.在浅海水声信道环境中,水下潜器的振动与声学性能不仅涉及固体、流体和声场的耦合作用,还会被海面与海底的反射作用,以及海水声速的不均匀分布所影响.为了准确表征浅海环境对潜器振动声学特性的影响,国内外研究者提出了有限元法、有限元-抛物方程法、有限元-简正波法、有限元-边界元法、有限元-波叠加法和有限元-奇异边界法等数值计算模型用于振动与声学领域的研究.本文聚焦中低频段振动声学分析的确定性计算模型,讨论了数值计算模型的两种不同分析模式:湿模态分析模式和干模态分析模式,并从水声传播模型和数值算法两方面评述了浅海环境中水下潜器振动与声学计算模型的发展和应用现状.现有的大部分计算模型都只考虑水平海面和海底的浅海环境,在未来的发展中需要拓展计算模型的适用范围,提高数值算法的计算效率,发展出适用于典型和复杂浅海环境分析的高性能计算模型,为海洋环境中水下潜器的振动声学行为快速预报提供技术支撑.The vibration and acoustic performance of underwater structures have always been a research hotspot in the field of ocean engineering.The acoustic stealth technology of submarines and the marine hydroacoustic detection technology are based on the accurate prediction and effective control of the underwater structural vibration and acoustic behavior in the marine environment.For vibration and acoustic analysis in the marine environment,most of the early studies regarded the marine environment as an infinite fluid region,or a semi-infinite fluid region with a free sea surface.These two marine models simplify the simulation process of underwater acoustic radiation and propagation by ignoring the impact of the seabed.Underwater acoustic radiation and propagation caused by structural vibrations in the shallow marine environment will be greatly affected by the reflection and refraction effects at the sea surface and seabed.Moreover,the sound velocity in the shallow marine environment usually shows different profiles due to the influences of the water pressure and temperature,which affects the vibration and acoustic behavior of underwater structures.To accurately characterize the coupling effect of underwater structures and shallow marine environments,many researchers have devoted their particular efforts to the analysis of vibration and acoustic radiation of underwater structures in the shallow marine environment,and have developed a variety of numerical computational models,such as the finite element method,finite element-boundary element method,finite element-wave superposition method,finite elementsingular boundary method,finite element-parabolic equation method and finite element-normal mode method,and so on.This paper focuses on deterministic computational models for vibration and acoustic analysis of underwater structures in the mid-low frequency range,and discusses two analytical schemes:Wet modal analysis and dry modal analysis.The development and application status of the computational models for the vibration

关 键 词：浅海环境 水下潜器振动 海洋声学 计算声学 

分 类 号：U661.44[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] U674.941[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]