临近空间飞行平台青藏高原大气NO_(x)原位观测实验  

In situ observation of atmospheric NO_(x) over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by Scientific Experiment System in Near Space Program

作　　者：王馨悦 杜丹[4] 闫召爱 张爱兵 胡雄 Xinyue Wang;Dan Du;Zhaoai Yan;Aibing Zhang;Xiong Hu(National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Space Detection,Beijing 100190,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration,Beijing 100190,China;Key Laboratory of Space Weather,National Satellite Meteorological Center(National Center for Space Weather),China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家空间科学中心,北京100190 [2]空间环境探测重点实验室,北京100190 [3]天基空间环境探测北京市重点实验室,北京100190 [4]中国气象局空间天气重点开放实验室/国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心),北京100081 [5]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《科学通报》2022年第27期3348-3356,共9页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA17010303);国家自然科学基金(41204128,42174226,42075040)资助。

摘　　要：大气NO_(x)气体分析仪是中国科学院战略性先导科技专项“临近空间科学实验系统”“太阳风暴在临近空间环境的响应”任务的主载荷之一,是我国自主研发的原位探测临近空间大气NO_(x)的载荷,并已成功测量临近空间高空气球飞行路径NO、NO_(2)、NO_(x)混合比.分析仪基于可见-紫外光谱吸收法原理,用动态流导法将飞行路径上1×103~1×10^(5) Pa的自然大气压缩至8×10^(4)~1×10^(5) Pa,构建了长期稳定的常压工作环境,把商用氮氧化物光谱仪的适用范围从地表拓展到高空.2019和2020年夏季,中纬度青藏高原大柴旦地区开展的两次高空气球科学实验均搭载了大气NO_(x)气体分析仪,实现了对流层5 km到平流层30 km大气NO_(x)的原位测量,并获取了青藏高原上空NO、NO_(2)、NO_(x)混合比的科学探测数据.The atmospheric NO_(x) gas analyzer(ANG)is the self-developed near-space instrument for in situ NO_(x) measurement by China.As one of the primary payloads of the Scientific Experiment System in Near Space program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the ANG successfully measured the mix ratios of NO,NO_(2),and NO_(x).The Model 405 nm NO_(x) monitor(2B Technologies,USA)is a commercial NO_(x) analyzer that can only operate in normal pressure and temperature.Based on the dynamic flow method,we designed a vacuum system to compress the ambient environment from 1×103–1×10^(5) to 8×10^(4)–1×10^(5) Pa and to ensure the long-term stable operational environment for the Model 405 nm NO_(x) analyzer,expanding its application range from the Earth’s surface to near space.To ensure the validity of the scientific data collected,we carried out separate ground calibration experiments for the Model 405 nm NO_(x) analyzer and ANG.The calibration results of the commercial analyzer show that the deviation of NO is less than 0.1%and the uncertainty is approximately 1.7%,while the deviation of measured NO_(2) is less than 0.5%and the uncertainty is approximately 5.3%.The observation upper and lower limits of NO and NO_(2) are both in the range 0–1000 ppbv.According to the calibration results of the ANG,the deviation between the calibration and standard values of the mix ratio of NO and NO_(2) ranges from approximately−0.2 to+0.6 ppbv.The stability test results of the ANG show that it can operate stably in the stratosphere for more than 24 h.In addition,we analyzed the influence of compressed atmospheric pressure by the vacuum system on the measurement results.It was further found that for ANG,the error in the NO mix ratio is in the range of 1.5%–25%.The above results show that the ANG can meet atmospheric gas-analysis requirements.In the summers of 2019 and 2020,two high-altitude balloon scientific flight experiments with the ANG were carried out in Dachaidan(95°E,37°N)on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,and scientific data of

关 键 词：大气NO_(x)气体分析仪 临近空间NO_(x)原位探测 临近空间科学实验系统 高空气球科学实验 青藏高原 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P412.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]