灌溉水温调整对冬夏季不结球白菜生长的影响  

Effects of irrigation water temperature adjustment on the growth ofnon-heading Chinese cabbage in winter and summer

作　　者：王利康 黄金阳 李彭丽 翁金洋 俞静 牛庆良[1] WANG Likang;HUANG Jinyang;LI Pengli;WENG Jinyang;YU Jing;NIU Qingliang(School of Agriculture and Biology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海200240

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2022年第5期51-58,共8页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目[沪农科创字(2019)第2-2号]。

摘　　要：针对长三角地区设施不结球白菜生产中冬夏季温度调节难度大、成本高等问题,以‘新夏青1号’为试材,通过调节喷灌水温(冬季升高水温,夏季降低水温),对不结球白菜根区及冠层进行短时热量调整,探究其对不结球白菜生长的影响。结果表明:与对照组相比,冬季补充热量400 kJ·m^(-2)·d^(-1)(W_(2)处理)的不结球白菜产量提高36.81%,夏季亏损热量400 kJ·m^(-2)·d^(-1)(S_(2)处理)的不结球白菜产量提高32.49%,可溶性糖含量显著提高,可溶性蛋白与维生素C(VC)含量差异不显著,同时缓解了夏季不结球白菜的午休现象并使其徒长状况得到控制。进一步探究表明,适度的灌溉水温调整主要通过缓解温度胁迫、提高根系吸收能力、提高叶面积及光合色素含量与光合作用速率来促进不结球白菜生长。本研究可为不结球白菜工厂化生产中的节能高效温度调节提供有效策略及理论依据。In view of the difficulties and high costs of temperature regulation in winter and summer in the production of non-heading Chinese cabbage in facilities in the Yangtze River Delta region,‘Xinxiaqing No.1’was used as the test material to adjust the short-term heat of the root zone and canopy of non-heading Chinese cabbage by adjusting the irrigation water temperature(increasing the water temperature in winter and decreasing the water temperature in summer),and to explore its impact on the growth of non-heading Chinese cabbage.The results showed that compared with the control group,the yield of non-heading Chinese cabbage in winter supplemented with 400 kJ·m^(-2)·d^(-1)(W_(2) treatment)increased by 36.81%,and that in summer deficient with 400 kJ·m^(-2)·d^(-1)(S_(2) treatment)increased by 32.49%.The soluble sugar content increased significantly,and the soluble protein content and VC content were not significantly different.At the same time,the phenomenon of‘noon break’of non-heading Chinese cabbage in summer was alleviated and its overgrowth was controlled.Further investigation showed that moderate irrigation water temperature adjustment promoted the growth of nonheading Chinese cabbage mainly by alleviating temperature stress,improving root absorption capacity,increasing leaf area,photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthesis rate.This study could provide an effective strategy and theoretical basis for energy-saving and efficient temperature regulation in the factory production of nonheading Chinese cabbage.

关 键 词：不结球白菜 产量 水温调整 温度胁迫 根区 冠层 

分 类 号：S634.04[农业科学—蔬菜学]