俄罗斯与印度养老保险制度比较及对我国的启示  

The Comparison of Pension Insurance System Between Russia and India and Its Enlightenment to China

作　　者：卢驰文[1] LU Chiwen(Shanghai University of Political and Law,Shanghai 201701)

机构地区：[1]上海政法学院,上海201701

出　　处：《北京劳动保障职业学院学报》2022年第3期8-13,24,共7页Journal of Beijing Vocational College Of Labour And Social Security

摘　　要：俄罗斯养老金制度由国家养老保障养老金制度、强制性养老金制度、社会养老金制度等组成。俄罗斯养老基金的来源主要是用人单位缴费、国家拨款及养老基金会资本运作成果。印度养老保险体系分为三个支柱:第一支柱(强制性养老保险项目)包括职工公积金和职工养老金、公务员养老金计划、政府公积金、特别公积金;第二支柱(自愿性养老保险项目)包括公共公积金、超级年金计划与个人养老金;第三支柱(社会援助项目)包括全国老年养老金计划、社会援助。两国的养老保险体系都是多层次的,不仅与社会援助制度相衔接,而且深受本国的历史文化影响。俄罗斯与印度养老保险制度改革的经验,对完善我国养老保险制度有很大启发。Russia’s pension system consists of the state pension security pension system, the compulsory pension system, and the social pension system. The sources of Russia’s pension funds are mainly the contribution of the employers, state grants and the capital operation results of pension funds. India’s pension insurance system is divided into three pillars: The first pillar(compulsory old-age insurance projects) includes employee provident fund and employee pension, civil service pension scheme, government provident fund and special provident fund;The second pillar(voluntary pension insurance projects) includes public accumulation fund, super pension plan and individual pension;The third pillar(social assistance projects) includes the national old-age pension plan and social assistance. The pension insurance systems of Russia and India are multi-level, which are not only connected with the social assistance system, but also deeply influenced by their own history and culture. The experience of pension system reform in Russia and India has great inspiration for China.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 印度 养老保险制度 社会援助 公积金 

分 类 号：D632.1[政治法律—政治学]