“回乡走基层”:人类学田野调查的方法、写法与问题  

“Returning to Hometown and Going to Grassroots”:Methods, Narrative and Problems of Anthropological Fieldwork

作　　者：赵旭东[1] ZHAO Xu-dong(Center for Sociological Theory and Method Research,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学社会学理论与方法研究中心,北京100872

出　　处：《江苏行政学院学报》2022年第5期57-63,共7页The Journal of Jiangsu Administration Institute

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“民族地区的红色记忆留存与中国共产党100周年的实地调查研究”(21STA045)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“回乡走基层”不仅是一个口号还是一种方法。从“回乡走基层”概念入手,与人类学的田野调查方法、写法以及问题意识联系起来讨论,引入人类学田野方法的一些基本向度及其对它们的新的理解,包括方法上的选择、书写的方式以及问题等。华北平原乡村年度性庙会的场景,就是具有社会象征意义的时空安排,可以释放平日内心积累的能量,并且促成社会意义上的彼此往来以及共同体生活的维持与加强。人类学田野工作方法与新知识的获取必须紧密地联系在一起。人类学自身需要去面对不断变化的现实世界,特别是转型世界的发生,努力去寻求研究方法上的改变,以求能够更为精准地把握各种新现象的发生。“Returning to hometown and going to grassroots” is not only a slogan, but also a methodology. Starting from the concept of “returning to hometown and going to grassroots”, we can discuss in connection with the field investigation method, narrative and problem awareness, so as to introduce some basic dimensions of anthropological fieldwork as well as new understandings, including methodological choices, narrative options, and questions. The scene of the annual temple fair in the villages of the North China Plain is a space-time arrangement with social symbolic meanings, which can release people’s inner energy accumulated over time, and promote mutual exchanges in the social sense and the maintenance and strengthening of community life. Anthropological fieldwork methods and the acquisition of new knowledge must be closely linked. Anthropology itself needs to face the ever-changing real world, especially the occurrence of the transitional world;it also needs to seek changes in research methods, so as to grasp the occurrence of various new phenomena more accurately.

关 键 词：回乡走基层 人类学田野调查 庙会 新知 

分 类 号：C958[社会学—民族学]