情绪分类任务中恐惧对抗注意瞬脱效应不受T1任务难度影响  

The Attenuation Effect of Fear on Attentional Blink Is Not Affected by the T1 Difficulty in the Emotion Classification Task

作　　者：孙猛 尚晨阳 刘芳 张钦[1] SUN Meng;SHANG Chen-yang;LIU Fang;ZHANG Qin(Beijing Key Laboratory of“Learning&Cognition”,School of Psychology,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education,Academy of Psychology and Behavior,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;Faculty of Psychology,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市“学习与认知”重点实验室,首都师范大学心理学院,北京100048 [2]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津300387 [3]天津师范大学心理学部,天津300387

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2022年第5期1013-1018,共6页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：天津市哲学社会科学规划课题(TJJXQN20-002)。

摘　　要：目的:在快速序列视觉呈现任务中,识别第一个目标(T1)往往会导致其后200-500 ms内出现的第二个目标(T2)识别受损,该现象被称为注意瞬脱。但情绪刺激作为T2相比中性刺激在注意瞬脱区间内能够被更好地识别,表现出对抗注意瞬脱。本研究探讨在情绪分类T2任务中,T1任务难度如何影响情绪T2对抗注意瞬脱效应。方法:采用快速序列视觉呈现任务,使用恐惧和中性面孔作为T2,通过改变T1字母搜索任务的难度和T1-T2的间隔(lag3/lag8)来操纵T2任务可得注意资源。结果:恐惧面孔相比中性面孔在注意瞬脱区间内(lag3)正确率更高,在注意瞬脱区间外(lag8)无差异,表明恐惧相比中性面孔能够对抗注意瞬脱。重要的是,恐惧对抗注意瞬脱效应不受T1任务难度的影响。结论:在情绪分类任务中,自上而下的认知控制在知觉加工阶段可能会进一步增强目标相关情绪信息的表征,使得情绪对抗注意瞬脱效应独立于可得注意资源。Objective:In the rapid serial visual presentation task,recognition of T1(first target)often leads to impaired recognition of T2(second target)within 200-500 ms after T1,this phenomenon is called attentional blink.However,emo⁃tional T2 stimuli can be better recognized than neutral stimuli at shorter T1-T2 lags.The study aimed to explore how the T1 difficulty affected the effect of emotional T2 on attentional blink in the emotion classification task.Methods:In the present study,we manipulated the difficulty of T1 letter search task to reduce the available attentional resources for T2 task.T2 ap⁃peared in the third(lag3)or eighth position(Lag8)after T1.The participants performed an emotional classification task for fearful or neutral T2 faces.Results:The results showed that the performance of fearful faces was better than neutral faces at lag3,and there was no difference between them at lag8,indicating that fear attenuated attentional blink.Importantly,the attenuation effect of fear on attentional blink was not affected by T1 difficulty.Conclusion:The top-down attentional con⁃trol might enhance the representation of task-related emotional information during the perceptual processing stage in the emotion classification task,making the processing of fear in the attentional blink independent of the available attentional re⁃sources.

关 键 词：快速序列视觉呈现范式 恐惧 注意瞬脱 注意资源 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]