抗疫信息呈现对医护刻板印象及挫折就医情境中患方认知的影响  

How Does Anti-Epidemic Information Affect Stereotype of Healthcare Workers and Patients’Cognition in Frustrating Treatment-seeking Situations?

作　　者：胡蝶[1] 周婷[1] HU Jennifer;ZHOU Ting(Department of Medical Psychology,School of Health Humanities,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学人文学院医学心理学系,北京100191

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2022年第5期1032-1038,1031,共8页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费(BMU2021RC⁃ZX003);北京大学疫情防控攻关项目资金支持。

摘　　要：目的:检验抗疫信息的呈现对公众医护刻板印象的影响,并探索刻板印象的改变是否能进一步影响挫折就医情境下患方的满意度与归因方式。方法:研究一通过自由联想的方法,探索抗疫信息呈现对公众的外显医护刻板印象的影响;研究二通过语义错误归因范式,探索抗疫信息呈现对公众内隐医护刻板印象的影响,并采用情境问卷,探索抗疫信息呈现是否影响挫折就医情景下的患方认知。结果:1)从外显层面测量时,抗疫信息呈现组与中性信息呈现组均对医护群体做出积极评价,抗疫信息呈现组更多在道德层面做评价;2)从内隐层面测量时,抗疫信息呈现组较中性信息呈现组在“热情”这一评价维度上做出了更多的积极评价;3)抗疫信息呈现和刻板印象的改变对挫折就医情境下的患方认知均无显著影响。结论:疫情信息的呈现能够促进公众形成更为积极的医护刻板印象。Objective:The present study aimed to examine the effect of anti-epidemic information presentation on healthcare-worker stereotypes,and to explore whether the change of stereotype could further influence patients'satisfaction and attribution in the context of specific setbacks in medical treatment.Methods:In Study 1,free association method was used to explore the influence of anti-epidemic information on explicit public stereotype of healthcare workers.In Study 2,semantic misattribution procedure was used to explore the implicit public stereotype.Furthermore,situational questionnaire was used to explore whether the priming of anti-epidemic information affected the patient's cognition in the setback medi⁃cal treatment scenario.Results:1)When measured from the explicit level,both the participants presented with anti-epi⁃demic information and those presented with neutral information made positive evaluations on healthcare workers although the anti-epidemic information group were more likely to evaluate from the moral dimension;2)When measured from the im⁃plicit level,the anti-epidemic information group made more positive evaluations on the enthusiasm dimension than the neu⁃tral information group;3)Epidemic priming and the change of stereotype had no significant effect on the patient's cognition in the setback medical treatment situation.Conclusion:The results of this study support that the presentation of anti-epi⁃demic information can promote the formation of more positive healthcare-worker stereotypes among the public and provide evidence for the construction of doctor-patient relationship by taking the epidemic situation as an opportunity.

关 键 词：新冠疫情 医护刻板印象 医患关系 刻板印象内容模型 语义错误归因范式 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]