概述回指与副词“大体”的形成——兼论“大X”类范围副词的平行虚化  

The Effect of Resomptif Anaphora on the Adverbialization of Dati(大体)——On the Parallel Bleaching of "Da(大) X" Scope Adverbs

作　　者：谢晓明 陈晨[2] XIE Xiaoming;CHEN Chen(School of Humanities,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430074,China;Research Center for Language and Language Education,Central China Normal University,Wuhan Hubei 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学人文学院,武汉430074 [2]华中师范大学语言与语言教育研究中心,武汉430079

出　　处：《语言研究》2022年第4期29-36,共8页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目“现代汉语语气词研究”(2021XXJS068);华中科技大学人文社会科学自主创新重大交叉项目“新媒体语言的创新、应用与治理研究”(2022WKZDJC004)。

摘　　要：文章主要探究“大体”的副词化以及“大X”类范围副词的平行虚化问题。“大体”先秦时是名词性短语,在汉代词汇化为名词。名词“大体”位于句子主语位臵,用于对前文内容较长的话题部分进行概述回指。魏晋南北朝时期,“大体”开始出现在状语位臵,在比较句中句法位臵两可。至迟在唐代,“大体”已经虚化为范围副词,随后又进一步发展出语气副词用法,但语气副词用法后来没有保留下来。“大体”副词化的主要动因是语义的概述回指和相关句式的句位压制,在状语位臵语义不断虚化,此外还受到高频使用和“大体”词语源义的影响。“大体”副词化的主要机制是重新分析和非范畴化。文章在讨论“大体”副词化的基础上,进一步考察了“大X”类范围副词的形成问题,发现这类副词的形成具有路径共性,属于“平行虚化”。The paper mainly talks about the process of Dati(大体)from a noun to an adverb.Dati(大体)was used as a nominal phrase in the pre-Qin(先秦)Dynasty and became a noun in the Han(汉)Dynasty.The noun Dati(大体)can be placed in the position of the subject of the sentence to summarize and refer back to the topic with a long content.In the Wei(魏),Jin(晋),Southern and Northern Dynasties(南北朝),Dati(大体)was often distributed in the position of adverbial,and in comparative sentences,it was transformed into a scope adverb in the Tang(唐)Dynasty at the latest.Then it can be further used as a modal adverb,but which did not retain.The important motivations of its adverbialization include resomptif anaphora and related sentence pattern,in the position of adverbial,it’s also affected by the high-frequency of usage and semantic basis.The mechanisms are reanalysis and de-categorization.This paper further investigates the commonness of the grammaticalization path of"Da(大)X"scope adverbs,and believes that it belongs to"parallel bleaching".

关 键 词：“大体” 副词化 概述回指 “大X”类范围副词 平行虚化 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]