意外标记“好好的”的语义演变与语法化  

The Semantic Evolution and Grammaticalization of the Mirative Marker Haohao de(好好的)

作　　者：冉晨 张延成[2] RAN Chen;ZHANG Yan-cheng(College of Chinese Language and Literature,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;College of Chinese Language and Literature,Wuhan University,Wuhan Hubei 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学文学院,重庆400715 [2]武汉大学文学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《语言研究》2022年第4期37-44,共8页Studies in Language and Linguistics

摘　　要：“好好的”可用作“意外标记”,实现整句的惊讶、意外语气。这一用法远远超出了形容词“好”基础语义的引申范围。历时语料显示,“好好的”作意外标记的功能始于明清时期,在此之前及同时期,“好好(的)”大量出现在转折句中,为其语法化为意外标记提供了路径。从对比转折句、反预期转折句到意外情态句,“好好(的)”呈现了从实义形容词到反预期标记,再到意外标记的语法化、主观化过程。此外,基于“转折”与“意外”的语义关联性,这一演化过程具有跨语言的普遍性。The reduplicated adjective Haohao de(好好的)sometimes contributes to the surprise or unexpectedness of the whole sentence,as a“mirative marker”.This function goes far beyond the extension domain of the basic meaning of Hao(好).According to diachronic data,the mirative function of Haohao de(好好的)was formed during Ming(明)and Qing(清)Dynasty.Before that and at the same period,this adjective had been broadly used in adversative conjunctions,showing a grammaticalization and subjectivization route to a mirative marker.From contrastive conjunctions,counter-expectation conjunctions to mirative sentences,Haohao de(好好的)demonstrates its grammaticalization process from a normal adjective to a counterexpectation marker,then to a mirative marker.Because of the natural semantic relation between“adversativity”and“mirativity”,this evolution process shows cross-linguistic universality 。

关 键 词：意外范畴 反预期 转折 形容词重叠 语法化 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]