基于森林资源连续清查数据的广东桉树人工林立地质量评价  

Site quality evaluation on eucalyptus plantation based on continuous forest inventory in Guangdong

作　　者：陈铭捷 陈敏 刘萍 CHEN Mingjie;CHEN Min;LIU Ping(College of Forestry and Landscape Agriculture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642,China;College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Lingnan Integrated Exploration and Design Institute of Guangdong,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510500,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东广州510642 [2]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083 [3]广东省岭南综合勘察设计院,广东广州510500

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第11期61-69,共9页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“桉树高效可持续经营技术”(2016YFD0600505)。

摘　　要：【目的】基于森林资源连续清查数据进行广东桉树人工林立地质量评价,为桉树人工林可持续经营以及适地适树造林提供理论依据。【方法】以2017年广东省第九次森林资源连续清查254块桉树人工林样地数据中的地貌、海拔、坡向、坡位等11个立地因子为基础,首先通过主成分分析方法筛选影响广东省桉树人工林生长的主导立地因子,构建立地质量评价函数并计算各样地立地质量评价得分值;其次利用系统聚类分析方法划分广东省桉树人工林立地质量等级,对不同等级立地质量进行综合评价;最后总结不同等级立地质量对桉树人工林生长的影响,提出桉树人工林可持续经营的技术措施。【结果】主成分分析结果显示,影响广东省桉树人工林立地质量评价的主导因子为地貌、砾石含量、腐殖质层厚度、枯枝落叶层厚度、坡位、坡向和土壤类型;聚类分析结果显示,取阈值为4时可将254个样地立地质量划分成Ⅰ(优)、Ⅱ(良)、Ⅲ(中)、Ⅳ(差)4个立地质量等级,其中60.63%的样地立地质量处于中等或中等以下等级;Ⅰ、Ⅱ等级样地桉树人工林平均胸径、平均树高和单位面积蓄量均优于Ⅲ、Ⅳ等级样地,坡位、坡向、枯枝落叶层厚度、腐殖层厚度、砾石含量和土壤类型的不同造成了立地质量的差异。【结论】广东适宜桉树人工林生长的立地质量特征为:下坡位、阳坡、缓坡、红壤或黄壤、砾石含量较低及土层较厚、枯枝落叶层、腐殖质层深厚的低山或丘陵地区,可通过适地适树造林、增加混交林比例、保护林下植被、提高土壤肥力等经营技术措施来提高桉树人工林立地质量,促进桉树人工林生长。【Objective】The site quality of eucalyptus plantation was evaluated based on continuous forest inventory in Guangdong to provide basis for sustainable management and suitable afforestation.【Method】Based on 11 site factors such as landform,elevation,slope aspect and slope position in 254 eucalyptus plantation sample plots from the 9th Continuous Forest Inventory of Guangdong in 2017,the main site factors affecting the growth of eucalyptus plantation were screened by principal component analysis,the site quality evaluation function was constructed and the site quality evaluation score was calculated.Then,the cluster analysis was used to classify the site quality grades of eucalyptus plantation in Guangdong,and the comprehensive evaluation of different site quality grades was carried out.Finally,the effects of different site quality grades on the growth of eucalyptus plantation were summarized,and the sustainable management measures of eucalyptus plantation were proposed.【Result】Principal component analysis showed that the main factors of site quality evaluation of eucalyptus plantation were landform,gravel content,humus layer thickness,litter layer thickness,slope position,slope aspect and soil type.Cluster analysis showed that 254 sites could be divided into four grades ofⅠ(excellent),Ⅱ(good),Ⅲ(medium)andⅣ(poor),and 60.63%of the sites were in medium or below medium grade when the threshold was 4.The average DBH,tree height and unit stock volume of eucalyptus plantation in gradesⅠandⅡplots were better than those in gradesⅢandⅣplots.Differences in slope position,slope aspect,thickness of litter layer,thickness of humus layer,gravel content and soil type led to the differences in site quality.【Conclusion】The site quality characteristics of suitable eucalyptus plantation growth in Guangdong included downhill,sunny slope,gentle slope,red soil and yellow soil,low gravel content,thick soil layer,deep litter layer and humus layer,low mountain and hilly region.Selecting suitable afforestation

关 键 词：立地质量评价 桉树人工林 主成分分析 聚类分析 森林资源清查 

分 类 号：S757.1[农业科学—森林经理学]