地表反照率和蒸散发对秦巴山地增温效应的影响  

Influence of Albedo and Evapotranspiration on the Mass Elevation Effect in the Qinling-Daba Mountains of China

作　　者：李午阳 兰鑫灿 唐家乐 赵芳[1,2] 连沅媛[1] LI Wuyang;LAN Xincan;TANG Jiale;ZHAO Fang;LIAN Yuanyuan(College of Geography and Environmental Science,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,Henan,China;Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions,Ministry of Education,Kaifeng 475004,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学地理与环境学院,河南开封475004 [2]黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室,河南开封475004

出　　处：《山地学报》2022年第4期614-625,共12页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41601091)~~。

摘　　要：山体增温效应是山体内部温度高于山体外部的主要原因,山区地-气热量交换是山体增温效应形成的机制。本文聚焦于地-气热量交换过程的关键地表参数,以2008—2018年的MODIS数据为基础,计算地表反照率(Alb)、蒸散发(ET)、归一化植被指数(NDVI)和归一化水指数(NDWI)等数据,结合秦巴山地的同海拔地表温度数据(LST),使用随机森林算法,分析地表反照率(Alb)和蒸散发(ET)对秦巴山地和秦巴山地内四个典型区(伏牛山、太白山、神农架、迭山等及其周边)增温效应的影响。结果表明:(1)秦巴山地及内部典型区山体增温效应差异较大,这种增温效应与所选取的影响因素有很强的相关性,二者之间的R~2均在0.62以上。(2)除伏牛山及周边区域外,Alb和山体增温效应的变化趋势呈现一致性,说明地表反照率越高,山体增温效应越大,其中太白山及周边区域Alb对山体增温效应的影响最大,其变量重要性(VI)值达到0.68。(3)除迭山及周边区域外,ET和山体增温效应呈现相反的变化趋势,说明ET的升高在一定程度上减弱了山体的增温效应,其中神农架及周边区域ET影响最大,其VI值达到0.88,在太白山及周边区域,ET影响仅次于Alb,VI值达到0.62。本研究使用同海拔LST数据作为山体增温效应的代用因子,并在秦巴山地及其内部尺度分析各因素对增温效应的影响程度及Alb和ET对山体增温效应的影响,突破了以往山体增温效应研究对宏观尺度(大陆尺度、全球尺度)山地垂直带界限分布和区域尺度温度站点设置依赖的局限,为山体增温效应研究由宏观向微观的机理研究提供参考。Mass Elevation Effect(MEE) play a significant role in causing higher temperatures inside mountains than ones outside mountains and it was quantified and widely used to interpret the distribution of mountain altitudinal belt. Heat exchange between ground and air is considered as the mechanism of MEE. However it is still unclear which surface factors associated with heat exchange between ground and air should be responsible for MEE.This paper aims at exploring the variation of MEE and exploring the geographical mechanism based on the key surface parameters of the land-air heat exchange process in the Qingling-Daba Mountains of China. MODIS and DEM data were collected to extract land surface temperatures( LST) at same altitude as dependent variable;Albedo(Alb), evapotranspiration(ET), NDVI, NDWI and other factors were analyzed and used as independent variables in the Qingling-Daba Mountains and the typical areas(the Funiu Mountains, the Taibai Mountains, the Shennongjia Mountains, the Diego Mountain);Random forest method was used to analyze the influence of independent variables on dependent variables.The results showed that:(1) There was a close correlation between LST at the same altitude and the selected influence factors withR2being all above 0. 66 in the typical areas to be selected.(2) The variation of Alb and MEE showed a consistency in the trends meaning a positive effect of the former on the latter except the Funiu Mountain. The greatest effect of Alb on MEE was found in the Taibai Mountain and its surrounding areas with VI value as high as 0. 68.(3) In addition to the Diego Nountain, an opposite trend was found between the variation of ET and MEE in different areas, which means the higher the ET, the smaller the MEE. The greatest effect of ET on MEE was found in the Shennongjia Mountain and its surrounding areas, with VI value as high as 0. 88. The effect of ET on MEE was second only to the effect of Alb in the Taibai Mountain and its surrounding areas. The innovation of this study is to use LST data at sa

关 键 词：山体增温效应 随机森林 地表温度 蒸散发 地表反照率 秦巴山地 

分 类 号：K909[历史地理—人文地理学]