基于摄影测量系统的岩体结构面精细识别表征及应用  

Fine identification and characterization of rock mass discontinuities and its application using a digital photogrammetry system

作　　者：许文涛 李晓昭[1,2] 章杨松 朱鸿鹄[1] 张巍[1] 宣程强[3] XU Wentao;LI Xiaozhao;ZHANG Yangsong;ZHU Honghu;ZHANG Wei;XUAN Chengqiang(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Key Laboratory of Deep Geomechanics and Underground Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Department of Civil Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学地球科学与工程学院,江苏南京210023 [2]中国矿业大学深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [3]南京理工大学土木工程系,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《测绘学报》2022年第10期2093-2106,共14页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42230704);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1505104);江苏省地矿局科研项目(2021-KY-01)。

摘　　要：岩体结构面的识别和特征参数的表征对于岩体特性及失稳机制研究具有重要的基础意义。本文基于无人机航测、GPS-RTK,以及地面近景摄影组成的摄影测量系统对甘肃北山不同尺度岩体结构面进行了系统性研究。利用不同视角摄影得到的地物照片建立了场区数字正射影像模型和露头三维重构数字表面模型,通过数字化的识别和统计方法实现了岩体结构面信息的有效解译和特征参数的表征。对典型露头和区域的研究结果表明,采用的摄影测量系统可从不同维度和尺度进行岩体结构面的精细化调查和识别。根据结构面特征参数的变异性,对场区大断裂F31断层的断裂影响带进行了评估,初步得到F31断层对上盘岩体完整性的影响范围约为150~200 m,影响形式为负指数型。Identification of rock mass discontinuity and characterization of characteristic parameters are of fundamental significance to the study of rock mass behaviour and instability mechanism.In this paper,a photogrammetric system consisting of UAV aerial survey,GPS-RTK and close-range photogrammetry was employed to systematically investigate the rock mass discontinuities at different scales in Beishan area,Gansu province.The digital orthophoto map(DOM)of this site and 3 D reconstructed digital surface model(DSM)of outcrops were established by using the ground object photos obtained from different perspectives.The effective interpretation of rock mass discontinuity information and characterization of characteristic parameters were realized by using digital identification and statistical methods.Studies of typical outcrops and areas show that the photogrammetric system can promote the fine investigation and identification of rock mass discontinuities from different dimensions and scales.According to the variation feature of discontinuity characteristic parameters,the fault affected zone of F31 fault in Beishan area were investigated.It can be preliminarily concluded that the affected range of F31 fault on hanging-wall rock mass integrity was approximately 150~200 m,and the influence form was negative exponential type.

关 键 词：摄影测量系统 数字模型 多尺度结构面 特征参数 断裂影响带 

分 类 号：P231[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]