薄壳山核桃青皮分解及养分释放规律  

Decomposition and Nutrient Releasing Pattern in Carya illinoensis Husks

作　　者：侯婷 袁军[1] 周文君 李俊[1] 周乃富 HOU Ting;YUAN Jun;ZHOU Wenjun;LI Jun;ZHOU Naifu(College fo Forestry,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Hunan Water Resources Research and Utilization Cooperation Center,Changsha 410031,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]湖南省水资源研究和利用合作中心,湖南长沙410031

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2022年第5期1188-1196,共9页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：湖南省重点研发计划项目(2018WK2041)。

摘　　要：【目的】以薄壳山核桃‘金华’(Carya illinoensis‘Jinhua’)青皮为试验材料,探究还田方式对薄壳山核桃青皮分解的影响,为薄壳山核桃青皮的资源化利用提供参考。【方法】采用尼龙网袋法进行原位分解试验,研究不同还田位置薄壳山核桃青皮在林下的分解过程以及养分释放规律。将取回的分解袋放置于60℃烘箱中烘干至恒重,称量分解袋中剩余青皮的质量,计算青皮干物质残留量;青皮总有机碳含量采用重铬酸钾氧化-分光光度法测定,氮、磷含量采用全自动间断式化学分析仪测定,钾含量采用火焰光度计测定。【结果】(1)覆土处理的青皮分解速率明显高于地表处理的青皮,干物质残留率随分解时间不断下降,地表处理的青皮在分解到第3到第6个月期间分解速率最快,覆土处理的青皮在分解到第6到第9个月期间分解最快,分别为6.49%和12.14%。分解12个月后,地表处理和覆土处理的青皮干物质残留率分别为87.09%和66.25%;薄壳山核桃青皮分解可以很好地拟合为Olson负指数模型,地表处理和覆土处理的青皮半衰期分别为53.05个月和19.74个月,分解95%所需时间分别为228.3个月和85.72个月。(2)经过12个月的分解,两组处理的青皮TOC残留率均呈富集-释放趋势,N残留率地表处理的青皮呈“富集-释放-富集”的趋势,覆土处理的青皮表现为富集趋势,P残留率均呈释放-富集-释放趋势,K残留率均呈释放趋势。两组处理青皮元素含量除氮元素外,无显著差异;地表处理和覆土处理的薄壳山核桃青皮元素残留率无显著差异。【结论】覆土能加快薄壳山核桃青皮的分解和氮的累积,在薄壳山核桃青皮还田时最好采用深施覆土方式。[Objective]Using the Carya illinoensis‘Jinhua’husks as the test material,this study explores the effect of returning methods on the decomposition of the Carya illinoensis husks,thus providing some references for the resource utilization of Carya illinoensis husks.[Method]The in-situ decomposition test was implemented by the decomposing mesh bag method to study the process of decomposition and the nutrient release of the Carya illinoensis husks at different positions.The retrieved decomposing bag was placed in a 60 ℃ oven to dry to constant weight,the mass of the remaining husks in the decomposition bag was weighed,and the dry matter residue of the husks was calculated;the TOC content of the husks was determined by potassium dichromate oxidation-spectrophotometry method.N,P content was determined by automatic intermittent chemical analyzer,K content was determined by flame photometer.[Result](1)The decomposition rate of the husks treated with soil was significantly higher than that of the surface treated husks,and the residual dry matter rate decreased with the decomposition time.The surface treated husks had the fastest decomposition rate from the third to the sixth month.The husks decomposed with the fastest rate from the 6th to the 9th month with the rate of 6.49%and 12.14%,respectively.After being decomposed for 12 months,the dry matter residual rates of the surface treatment and soil-covering treatment were 87.09% and 66.25%,respectively;The half-lives were 53.05months and 19.74 months,respectively,and the time required for decomposition to 95% was 228.3 months and85.72 months,respectively.(2)After 12 months of decomposition,the TOC residue rates of the two groups of treatments showed an enrichment-release trend,the N residue rate of the husks treated with the surface showed a trend of enrichment-release-enrichment;the husks treated with soil showed an enrichment trend,and the P residue rates showed a trend of release-enrichment-release,and the K residual rate showed a release trend.Except for N,there w

关 键 词：薄壳山核桃 青皮 分解 养分释放 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]