内蒙古钱家店铀矿区土壤-植物中重金属元素迁移富集特征  

Migration and enrichment characteristics of heavy metal elements in soil-plant system in Qianjiadian uranium mining area of InnerMongolia

作　　者：肖蓓 王正海 申晋利[2] 周聪 XIAO Bei;WANG Zhenghai;SHEN Jinli;ZHOU Cong(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,Guangdong,China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地球科学与工程学院,广东珠海519082 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2022年第5期625-634,共10页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41572316)。

摘　　要：为探究内蒙古钱家店铀矿区铀(U)及其相关元素在农田土壤(风沙土)和植物之间的迁移富集规律,以该铀矿区农田土壤和植物为研究对象,系统采集了结缕草、高粱、花生、玉米、柳树和杨树的根、茎、叶及其根际土样品,分析了U、砷(As)、镉(Cd)、钴(Co)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、锰(Mn)、钼(Mo)、镍(Ni)、铅(Pb)、锑(Sb)、钍(Th)、锌(Zn)共13种元素的含量以及各元素在土壤-植物中的生物富集系数及转运系数。结果表明:1)钱家店铀矿区风沙土中重金属元素含量较低,浓集系数多低于1,U与其他元素呈显著正相关;2)结缕草及其根际土中重金属元素含量较其他植物偏高;3)植物对重金属元素的吸收具有选择性,杨树对Cd富集作用最强,结缕草、花生、柳树可分别富集Cu、Mo、Zn;4)各器官对重金属元素的吸收作用大致表现为叶片>根系>茎秆。整体而言,该研究区风沙土中重金属元素含量较低,各植物对土壤中Cd和Zn的选择性吸收能力较强,且对重金属元素有较强的耐受性;结缕草、高粱和花生可作为该矿区开采后生态修复的备选植物。In order to explore the migration and enrichment law of uranium(U)and its related elements in farmland soils(aeolian sandy soils)and plants in Qianjiadian U mining area of Inner Mongolia,the roots,stems,leaves and rhizosphere soil samples of zoysiagrass,sorghum,peanut,corn,willow and poplar were collected systematically.The contents of 13 kinds of heavy metal elements such as uranium(U),arsenic(As),cadmium(Cd),cobalt(Co),chromium(Cr),copper(Cu),manganese(Mn),molybdenum(Mo),nickel(Ni),lead(Pb),antimony(Sb),thorium(Th)and zinc(Zn)were analyzed,as well as their bioconcentration factors and translocation factors among the soils and plants.The results showed that:1)The content of heavy metal elements in the aeolian sandy soil of Qianjiadian U mining area was low,and the concentration coefficient was mostly lower than one.Uranium was significantly positive correlation with other elements.2)The contents of heavy metal elements in the zoysiagrass and its rhizosphere soil were higher than those of other plants.3)The plants had selective absorption of heavy metal elements,among which poplar had the strongest enrichment effect on Cd,while zoysiagrass,peanut and willow could enrich Cu,Mo and Zn,respectively.4)The absorption of heavy metal elements by various organs was generally in the order of leaf>root>stem.On the whole,the content of heavy metal elements in the aeolian sandy soil is low,and the plants have strong selective absorption capacities of Cd and Zn in soil,and strong tolerance to heavy metal elements.Zoysiagrass,sorghum and peanut can be used as candidate plants for ecological restoration after mining.

关 键 词：重金属元素 风沙土 生物富集系数 转运系数 钱家店铀矿区 

分 类 号：S154.4[农业科学—土壤学] X820.4[农业科学—农业基础科学] P595[环境科学与工程—环境工程]