基于激光传感的水下声学目标高分辨跟踪方法  

High-Resolution Acoustic Tracking Method for Underwater Target Using Laser-Based Sensor

作　　者：蔡旺 王栋梁 冯伟 董繁鹏 魏亚明 贾乐成 田文杰 薛彬 Cai Wang;Wang Dongliang;Feng Wei;Dong Fanpeng;Wei Yaming;Jia Lecheng;Tian Wenjie;Xue Bin(School of Marine Science and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Sichuan Yongxing Electronics Company,Chengdu 610000,Sichuan,China;Shenzhen United Imaging Research Iustitute of Innovutive Medical Equipment,Shenzhen 518045,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学海洋科学与技术学院,天津300072 [2]四川永星电子有限公司,四川成都610000 [3]深圳市联影高端医疗装备创新研究院,广东深圳518045

出　　处：《中国激光》2022年第18期149-159,共11页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62075162,62001329);国防科技创新特区项目;天津市自然科学青年基金(19JCQNJC01700)。

摘　　要：高分辨感知声波相位是实现水下声学目标跟踪与定位的核心问题之一。传统方法基于压电效应完成目标信号的相位感知,在传感机理上存在相位分辨率相对较低、障板干扰、声波振动起讫点不明等问题。本团队提出了基于声光效应的新型激光阵列水声相位高分辨传感方法,并设计了由5束平行激光组成的阵列传感装置(装置孔径为340 mm),并于消声水池条件下验证了该装置的有效性。实验结果显示,本方法的水声相位感知分辨率优于1°,水下目标跟踪的角度分辨率优于0.05°。该方法为新型水下目标高分辨跟踪定位技术的发展提供了研究储备。Objective The traditional acoustic wave sensing method mainly relies on the piezoelectric effect.Although this technology is relatively mature,there have been several inherent problems.First,the acoustic phase resolution of the piezoelectric transducer has a high phase resolution threshold mainly due to the unclear start and end points of the acoustic signal of the mechanical vibration.In underwater target detection applications,this problem leads to the loss of some details of target motion information hidden in the phase.Second,the piezoelectric effect sensing of acoustic waves requires a piezoelectric transducer to"contact and collide"with the acoustic wave.Consequently,some acoustic information is destroyed while sensing the acoustic wave,resulting in a loss of some phase information.Third,the"collision"between the piezoelectric transducer and the acoustic wave is accompanied by the reflection,diffraction,scattering,and other physical phenomena of the acoustic wave.Combining these physical phenomena and the target acoustic wave leads to phase loss,which is also a manifestation of the baffle effect.Fourth,the traditional piezoelectric transducer composed of an array is more difficult to use in engineering due to its volume and mechanical structure.This affects the quality of acoustic sensing since large array systems are inconvenient to install and use.Furthermore,the regular maintenance cost of the equipment is high,and the detection and calibration are difficult.Therefore,in this paper,we proposed an acousto-optic effect laser array method for high-quality sensing of acoustic signals.Methods We proposed a Raman-Nath detection acoustic signal using laser sensing for the hydro-acoustic signal detection method.Here we focused on the colinear problem of levels zero and one diffracted light,respectively.A performance analysis of relevant influencing elements was conducted.Furthermore,we derived the underwater target tracking method using the principle of mutual correlation to solve the acoustic field localization

关 键 词：传感器 声光效应 光学传感 Raman-Nath衍射 广义互相关 声学跟踪 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]