抗集体噪声的测量设备无关的量子安全直接通信  

Immune to Collective Noise Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Secure Direct Communications

作　　者：郭瀚 李云霞[1] 魏家华[1] 唐杰 曹跃翔 Guo Han;Li Yunxia;Wei Jiahua;Tang Jie;Cao Yuexiang(Teaching and Research Section of Communication Systems,Institute of Information and Navigation,Air Force Engineering University,Xi’an 710077,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]空军工程大学信息与导航学院通信系统教研室,陕西西安710077

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2022年第17期377-385,共9页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61971436,61803382)。

摘　　要：量子安全直接通信(QSDC)突破了传统保密通信的通信方式,不需要提前准备密钥就可以直接通过量子信道进行秘密信息的传输。但是在实际的量子通信系统中,窃听者Eve对于测量设备的攻击会导致秘密信息的泄露,而且这种窃听不会被侦测到。此外由于现在的量子传输方式仍然以光纤传输为主,所以无法避免光纤传输过程中噪声的影响,在这些噪声中以集体退相位噪声和集体旋转噪声影响最甚。为解决这些问题,提出了两个分别可以抵抗集体退相位噪声和集体旋转噪声的测量设备无关的QSDC协议,通过不可信第三方的测量进行信息的传递,解决了窃听者对于测量设备攻击的问题,同时通过无消相干子空间来避免集体噪声的问题,通过分析发现该协议可以有效抵抗攻击,实现绝对安全的通信。Quantum secure direct communication(QSDC)breaks the structure of traditional secret communications.It directly sends a secret message through a quantum channel without first preparing the key.But in the actual quantum communication system,the eavesdropper Eve’s attack on the device will lead to the leakage of secret information,and this eavesdropping will not be detected.In addition,since the current quantum transmission mode is still based on optical fiber transmission,it is impossible to avoid the influence of noise in the process of optical fiber transmission.Among these noises,collective dephasing noise and collective rotation noise are the most serious.In order to solve these problems,two measurementdeviceindependent QSDC protocols that can resist collective dephasing noise and collective rotation noise respectively are proposed.The information is transmitted through the measurement of an untrusted third party,which solves the problem of eavesdroppers’attack on measurement device.At the same time,the collective noise is avoided through no decoherence subspace.Through analysis,it is found that the protocol can effectively resist attacks and achieve absolutely secure communication.

关 键 词：量子通信 量子安全直接通信 测量设备无关 集体噪声 

分 类 号：O431.2[机械工程—光学工程]