同位素技术原理及其在铀矿区地下水污染修复的应用  

Principle of Isotope Technique and its Application of Groundwater Contamination Remediation in Uranium Mining Area

作　　者：刘显辉 董一慧 李佳乐 邸齐梦 刘春篁 孙谦一 LIU Xianhui;DONG Yihui;LI Jiale;DI Qimeng;LIU Chunhuang;SUN Qianyi(School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering,East China University of Technology,330013,Nanchang,PRC;State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment,East China University of Technology,330013,Nanchang,PRC)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学水资源与环境工程学院,南昌330013 [2]东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室,南昌330013

出　　处：《江西科学》2022年第5期870-880,共11页Jiangxi Science

基　　金：国际原子能机构协调研究项目(RC24654);东华理工大学科研基金项目(DHBK2017136);东华理工大学实验技术研究开发项目(DHSY-202222)。

摘　　要：铀矿开采易引发区地下水酸化、重金属超标及放射性污染等环境问题。以氢、氧、硫、氮、铅、氡、铀同位素为例,介绍同位素技术在地下水污染中的应用,包括:定性分析污染来源及污染机理,定量分析污染程度、污染来源贡献及含矿层地球化学背景等,并总结微生物参与下的地下水典型污染物SO_(4)^(2-)、NO_(3)^(-)、U(Ⅵ)在修复过程中硫、氮、铀同位素分馏机制。为铀矿区地下水保护及水体污染修复提供科学依据和理论基础,使同位素技术有望在铀矿区地下水污染防治研究中得到进一步应用。Uranium mining may lead to environmental problems such as groundwater acidification,excessive heavy metals and radioactive contamination.This study takes H,O,S,N,Pb,Rn and U isotopes as examples,introduces the application of isotope techniques in groundwater contamination,including:qualitative analysis of pollution sources and mechanism,quantitative analysis of contamination level,contribution rate of pollution sources and geochemical background of ore-bearing strata.At the same time,summarized the mechanism of S,N and U isotope fractionation of typical groundwater contamination SO_(4)^(2-),NO_(3)^(-) and U(VI)in the remediation process with microbial participation.This paper provides scientific and theoretical basis of groundwater protection and water pollution remediation in uranium mining areas,and makes it possible for isotope technology to be further applied for groundwater contamination prevention and control research in uranium mining areas.

关 键 词：同位素 铀矿开采 地下水污染 放射性 定量分析 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]