不同种植密度对3个复播食葵品种植株形态及产量的影响  

Effects of Different Planting Densities on the Morphological Traits and Yields of Three Confectionery Sunflower Varieties

作　　者：石必显[1] 陶建飞[2] 高燕[1] 谢会红 阿卜力米提·艾尔肯 程平山[2] 麦提图尔荪·萨迪克[2] 沙红[1] Shi Bixian;Tao Jianfei;Gao Yan;Xie Huihong;Abulimiti·Aierken;Cheng Pingshan;Maitituersun·Sadike;Sha Hong(Industrial Crops Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang,China;Moyu Agricultural Experimental Station of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hetian 848100,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业科学院墨玉农业试验站,新疆和田848100

出　　处：《作物杂志》2022年第5期195-200,共6页Crops

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项(2020E01034);新疆维吾尔自治区科技援疆计划项目(2020E0214)。

摘　　要：在新疆南部地区开展麦收后复播食用型向日葵试验,采用二因素随机区组设计,以3个食葵品种(SH363、JK601和XF3939)为材料,分析5个种植密度对不同食葵品种植株形态特征及产量性状的影响。结果表明,品种和密度均对产量、茎粗、花盘直径、单盘粒重和千粒重的影响显著;产量随种植密度的增大呈先增大后减小的趋势,在3.00万株/hm^(2)种植密度下的产量均达到最高;株高和籽仁率均随种植密度的增大有所增高;粒宽、单盘粒重和千粒重均随种植密度的增大而减小,在低种植密度下(2.50万株/hm^(2))最大。综合来看,SH363由于植株较高,后期容易出现倒伏,因此不宜在漫灌地块上复播种植;JK601和XF3939均可作为南疆地区冬麦收获后复播的食葵品种,JK601和XF3939的适宜种植密度范围分别是2.75万~3.25万株/hm^(2)和3.00万~3.25万株/hm^(2)。The experiment of replanting confectionery sunflower after wheat harvest was carried out in southern Xinjiang.Three sunflower varieties(SH363,JK601,XF3939)were used as materials to analyze the effects of five planting densities on plant morphological characteristics and yield traits by two factor randomized block design.The results showed that variety and density had significant effects on yield,stem diameter,disc diameter,grain weight per disc and 1000-grain weight.The yield increased first and then decreased with the increase of planting density,and reached the highest under the planting density of 3.00×10^(4) plants/ha.The plant height and kernel percentage increased with the increase of planting density.The grain width,grain weight per disc and 1000-grain weight of the three varieties decreased with the increase of planting density,and the value was the highest at low planting density(2.50×10^(4) plants/ha).Generally speaking,SH363 was not suitable for replanting in flood irrigation field because its high plant height and prone to lodging at later stage.JK601 and XF3939 could be used as sunflower varieties in southern Xinjiang after winter wheat harvest.The suitable planting densities of JK601 and XF3939 were 2.75×10^(4)-3.25×10^(4) plants/ha and 3.00×10^(4)-3.25×10^(4) plants/ha,respectively.

关 键 词：复播食葵 种植密度 形态特性 产量 差异性 

分 类 号：S565.5[农业科学—作物学]