葡萄设施栽培土壤养分含量丰缺程度及垂直分布变化特征  

Abundance and Deficiency Degree and Vertical Distribution Characteristics of Grape Protected Cultivation Soil Nutrient Content

作　　者：刘威 刘旭[1] 王昊[1] 蔡卫佳[1] 罗桂杰[1] LIU Wei;LIU Xu;WANG Hao;CAI Wei-jia;LUO Gui-jie(Suqian Institute of Agricultural Science,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Suqian 223800,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所,江苏宿迁223800

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2022年第8期82-87,共6页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：2021年宿迁市现代农业引领资金项目《葡萄新品种及配套提质增效技术示范推广》;2020年亚夫科技服务项目《洋河新区精品鲜果产业技术推广与服务体系建设》[kf(20)1017]。

摘　　要：为了探究正常作业条件下葡萄设施栽培土壤养分丰缺程度及垂直分布变化规律和特征,以种植5年葡萄连栋大棚土壤为试材,按照0~20、20~40和40~60 cm深度分层采样,进行试验。结果表明:设施大棚内土壤养分具有明显的表层聚集现象,土壤全氮、全磷、碱解氮、有效磷、有效钾等50.0%左右聚集在0~20 cm土层,80.0%左右聚集在0~40 cm土层;土壤EC、全氮、全磷、碱解氮、有效磷、有效钾、有效B和有效Zn含量随着土壤深度的增加呈减少的垂直分布规律;土壤全钾含量随着土壤深度的增加无明显的变化规律;土壤pH、有效Ca、有效Mg和有效Fe含量随土壤深度的增加基本上呈逐渐升高的垂直分布规律;土壤磷、钾含量较高,氮含量处于中等水平,有机质含量较低,存在不平衡施肥现象,有机肥施用不足,磷、钾肥施用过量。In order to explore the abundance and deficiency degree and vertical distribution regularity and characteristics of grape protected cultivation soil nutrient content under normal working conditions, the soil of 5-year-old grape greenhouse was used as the test material, and soil samples were collected at depths of 0~20, 20~40 and 40~60 cm. The results showed that the soil nutrients in greenhouse had obvious surface aggregation phenomenon. About 50.0% of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were concentrated in 0~20 cm soil layer, and about 80.0%in 0~40 cm soil layer. The vertical distribution of EC, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, available boron and available zinc in soil decreased with the increase of soil depth, and the total potassium in soil had no obvious change with the increase of soil depth. The contents of soil pH, available Ca, available Mg and available Fe basically increased with the increase of soil depth. Soil was rich in phosphorus and potassium, medium in nitrogen, deficient in organic matter, unbalanced in fertilizer, insufficient in organic matter and nitrogen fertilizer application and excessive in phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application.

关 键 词：设施栽培 丰缺程度 土壤养分 垂直分布 葡萄 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]