基于道化学火灾爆炸危险指数法的烷基化反应单元定量风险评估研究  

Study on Quantitative Risk Assessment of Alkylation Reaction Unit Based on Dow Chemical Fire and Explosion Risk Index Method

作　　者：薛奕 王文浩 褚新颖 刁秀蒙 王荣艳 唐秀叶 宋文华[2] Xue Yi;Wang Wenhao;Chu Xinying;Diao Xiumeng;Wang Rongyan;Tang Xiuye;Song Wenhua(Tianjin Fire Rescue Bureau,Tianjin 300090,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市消防救援总队,天津300090 [2]天津工业大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300387

出　　处：《南开大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期97-105,共9页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50974096);天津市应用基础及前沿技术研究计划重点项目(10JCZDJC25000)。

摘　　要：建立了烷基化反应单元泄露导致火灾爆炸的基本场景与火灾控制场景,利用道化法对烷基化反应工艺单元各种不同火灾场景下的火灾风险进行评估.评估得出:基本场景的火灾爆炸危险等级为非常大、暴露半径43 m、暴露面积5809 m~2;采取针对性工艺控制措施后的工艺控制场景,其火灾爆炸危险等级为很轻;采取针对性物质隔离控制措施后的火灾防控场景,其火灾爆炸危险等级较之基本场景没有变化;采取针对性火灾防控控制措施后的火灾防控场景,其火灾爆炸危险等级为很大;共同采取采取工艺控制、物质隔离和火灾防控控制措施后,其火灾爆炸危险等级为较轻、暴露半径16 m、暴露面积825 m~2,表明可以通过增加针对性的安全控制措施有效降低烷基化反应工艺的危险程度与影响范围,为企业的生产安全与火灾防控提供技术支撑.The basic scenario and fire control scenario of fire explosion caused by leakage of alkylation reaction unit are established,and the fire risk of alkylation reaction process unit under different fire scenarios is evaluated by Dow Chemical method.The assessment shows that the fire and explosion risk level of the basic scenario is very large,the exposure radius is 43 m,and the exposure area is 5 809 m~2.The fire and explosion risk level of the process control scenario after taking targeted process control measures is very low.In the fire prevention and control scenario after taking targeted substance isolation control measures,the fire and explosion risk level is not changed compared with the basic scenario.In the fire prevention and control scenario after taking targeted fire prevention and control measures,the fire and explosion risk level is very high.After the process control,material isolation and fire prevention and control measures are taken together,the fire and explosion risk level is relatively light,the exposure radius is 16 m,and the exposure area is 825 m~2,which indicates that the risk degree and impact range of the alkylation reaction process can be effectively reduced by adding targeted safety control measures,providing technical support for the production safety and fire prevention and control of the enterprise.

关 键 词：道化学法 烷基化反应单元 危险化学工艺 基本场景 火灾控制场景 

分 类 号：X924.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]