新鲜掌叶大黄茎的急性毒性及泻下作用研究  

Study on acute toxicity and purging effect of the stem of fresh Rheum palmatum

作　　者：张云鹤 帖晓燕 冯银平 张文广 杨锡仓 李芸[1] ZHANG Yunhe;TIE Xiaoyan;FENG Yinping;ZHANG Wenguang;YANG Xicang;LI Yun(Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou,Gansu,730000 P.R.China;Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou,Gansu,730000 P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃中医药大学,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃中医药大学附属医院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《华西药学杂志》2022年第5期498-502,共5页West China Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省高等学校产业支撑引导项目(2020C-26);研究生创新基金资助项目(2021CX44);甘肃省中医药管理局科研课题(GZK-2018-6);杨锡仓全国名老中医药专家传承工作室项目(202205)。

摘　　要：目的 研究新鲜掌叶大黄茎对小鼠的急性毒性及泻下作用,为大黄茎的安全性评价和毒理药效研究提供参考。方法 以SPF级昆明种小鼠为研究对象,采用最大给药量法评价其急性毒性;采用炭末排出时间、排便频率和小肠推进实验共同评价其泻下作用。结果 掌叶大黄茎水提物、鲜榨汁、冻干粉混悬液的最大给药剂量分别为342、136.8、297.6 g·kg,分别为成人每日剂量的2660、1064、2315倍,且未见小鼠死亡、无明显中毒症状和脏器异常。与空白组比较,各组小鼠的炭末排出时间和小肠推进率均无统计学差异;掌叶大黄茎高剂量组5 h内的排便频率显著增加。结论 掌叶大黄茎的安全剂量大,无明显不良反应,短期内服用无损伤,具有一定的通便作用,无明显泻下作用。OBJECTIVE To study the acute toxicity and purging effect of fresh stems of Rheum palmatum on mice, so as to provide reference for the safety evaluation and subsequent toxicological efficacy experiments.METHODS SPF KM mice were used as subjects, acute toxicity was evaluated by maximum administration dosage.The charcoal discharge time, defecation frequency and small intestine propulsion experiments to evaluate the purging effect.RESULTS The maximum dose of water extract, fresh juice and freeze-dried powder suspension of R.almatumstem respectively were 342 g·kg,136.8 g·kgand 297.6 g·kg,which were 2660,1064 and 2315 times of adult daily dose respectively.And there were no death, no obvious symptoms of poisoning or abnormal visceral organ.There were no significant differences in the discharge time and small intestine propulsion rate between groups and blank group.Defecation frequency within 5 h in high-dose group was significantly increased.CONCLUSION The stem of R.palmatum has a large safe dose, edible safety range with a certain laxative effect but without obvious toxic and side effects, damage in a short term or obvious purging effect.

关 键 词：掌叶大黄 新鲜茎 水提物 鲜榨汁 冻干粉混悬液 急性毒性 最大给药量 泻下作用 

分 类 号：R96[医药卫生—药理学]