基于PSR模型的珠江三角洲生态环境脆弱性评价  

Evaluation of Eco-environmental Vulnerability of Pearl River Delta Based on PSR Model

作　　者：郑慧玲 王永红[1,2] 马卫 Zheng Huiling;Wang Yonghong;Ma Wei(College of Marine and Erh Se iences,Orean University of China,Qingdao.Shandong 266100.China;Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques.MOE China,College of Marine and Earth Sciences.Ocean University of Chimu.Qingdso.Shandong 266100.China;College of Economics and Manugement.Huaiberi Nor mal Universily.Huaibei,Arhui 235000.China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院,海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [3]淮北师范大学经济与管理学院,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2022年第4期210-217,F0003,共9页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“珠江河口与河网演变机制及治理研究:基于长序列及多要素原型观测的水沙异变研究(子课题)”(2016YFC0402602);国家自然科学基金项目(41376054,41176039)。

摘　　要：[目的]揭示珠江三角洲生态环境脆弱性的时空演变特点及其原因,为区域发展提供理论依据。[方法]利用生态压力度—生态敏感度—生态恢复力(pressure-sensitivity-restoration,PSR)模型、量化分级法和层次分析法(AHP),构建生态环境脆弱性综合指数,分析珠江三角洲不同时期的生态环境脆弱性特征。在此基础上,借助地理探测器的因子探测工具分析变量因素对生态环境脆弱性时空分布差异的影响程度。[结果](1)2000—2020年珠江三角洲生态环境脆弱性指数的变化范围为1.2065~4.5948,呈现微度脆弱等级;(2)空间分布上,珠江三角洲中部地区的脆弱等级较高,东西部脆弱等级较低。此外,随着高程的增加,生态环境脆弱性程度减轻,中度和重度脆弱区面积比例减小;(3)林地表现为潜在和微度脆弱等级,草地表现为中度脆弱,耕地、水域和未利用地以轻度脆弱等级为主,建设用地主要分布于重度和中度脆弱区;(4)珠江三角洲生态环境脆弱性空间分异的主要影响因子为人口密度、植被覆盖指数及生物丰富度指数。[结论]受人口增长压力的影响,研究时段内珠江三角洲生态环境脆弱等级提升。[Objective] The spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and its reasons of eco-environmental vulnerability in the Pearl River delta were studied in order to provide theoretical basis for regional development. [Methods] The pressure-sensitivity-restoration(PSR) model, quantitative grading method and analytic hierarchy process(AHP), as well as the combination of the eco-environmental vulnerability index were used to analyze the characteristics of eco-environmental vulnerability of the Pearl River delta at different periods. On this basis, the degree of influence of variable factors on differences in the spatio-temporal distribution of ecological vulnerability was analyzed with the help of factor detection of Geodetector. [Results](1) From 2000 to 2020, the eco-environmental vulnerability index ranged from 1.206 5~4.594 8, indicating slight vulnerability grade.(2) In terms of spatial distribution, the vulnerability level was higher in the central part of the Pearl River delta and lower in the eastern and western. In addition, with the increase of elevation, the degree of eco-environment vulnerability tended to decrease on the whole, the proportion of moderate and severe vulnerability decreases.(3) Forest land exhibits potential and slight vulnerability grade, grassland showed moderate vulnerability, cultivated land, water and unused land are mainly located in mild vulnerability areas and construction land showed severe and moderate vulnerability grade.(4) The main factors influencing the spatial variation of eco-environmental vulnerability in the Pearl River delta were population density, NDVI and biological richness index. [Conclusion] Affected by the pressure of population growth, the eco-environmental vulnerability level of the Pearl River delta increased during the study period.

关 键 词：生态压力度—生态敏感度—生态恢复力(PSR)模型 生态环境脆弱性 珠江三角洲 时空特征 地理探测器 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]