242名60岁以上社区老年人照护需求等级现状及影响因素分析  

Status and influencing factors of the level of care needs of 242 community elderly over 60 years old

作　　者：潘硕 张晓阳[2] 修燕 PAN Shuo;ZHANG Xiaoyang;XIU Yan(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830000,China;The Fifth Affiliated Hospital,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆医科大学第五附属医院,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《新疆医科大学学报》2022年第10期1208-1213,共6页Journal of Xinjiang Medical University

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技支疆项目计划(2020E02124)。

摘　　要：目的了解乌鲁木齐市4个区的社区老年人照护需求等级现状并分析其影响因素。方法通过随机整群抽样随机选取乌鲁木齐市天山区、沙依巴克区、水磨沟区、新市区社区居住60岁以上老年人250名(有效人数242名),采用问卷调查方式收集相关数据。通过一般调查资料表了解老年人能力情况和健康状况,结合老年社会支持量表,确定老年人照护需求等级。对社区老年人照护需求等级的影响因素采用有序多分类Logistic回归分析。结果242名老年人中,照护需求0级93人(38.4%),照护需求1级60人(24.8%),照护需求2级52人(21.5%),照护需求3级20人(8.3%),照护需求4级7人(2.9%),照护需求5级10人(4.1%)。性别、年龄、文化程度及患慢性病数量是影响乌鲁木齐社区老年人照护需求等级的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论不同特征社区老年人照护需求等级存在差异,应重点关注女性、高龄、文化程度低及患有多种慢性病的老年人,对于重点人群采取适当的政策倾斜,多措并举,积极干预,更好满足社区老年人照护服务需求。Objective To understand the current situation of level of care needs of the elderly in Urumqi community and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods Through random cluster sampling,250 elderly people over 60 years old living in Tianshan District,Shayibake District,Shuimogou District and Xinshi District of Urumqi were randomly selected(The number of active members was 242),and questionnaires were used to collect the relevant data.The ability and health status of the elderly were understood through the general survey data sheet,and Social Support Scale for the elderly was used to determine the level of care needs of the elderly.Multiple Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of community elderly care needs.Results Among the 242 elderly people,93(38.4%)had care needs in level 0,60(24.8%)had care needs of level 1,52(21.5%)had care needs inlevel 2,20(8.3%)had care needs in level 3,7(2.9%)had care needs in level 4 and 10(4.1%)had care needs in level 5.Gender,age,education level and the number of chronic diseases were the main factors with affecting the care needs of the elderly in Urumqi community(P<0.05).ConclusionThere are differences in the levels of care needs of the elderly in communities with different characteristics.Attention should be paid to female,the elderly with advanced age,low education level,and the elderly with multiple chronic diseases.Appropriate policies should be adopted for the key groups,and multiple measures should be taken as well to actively intervene,so as to better meet the needs of care services for the elderly in communities.

关 键 词：老年人 照护需求等级 影响因素 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]