CLSI、EUCAST和中国耐药判定标准概述  

Overview of CLSI,EUCAST,and Susceptibility Breakpoints in China

作　　者：阮紫涵 黄安雄 王秀娟 黄玲利[1,2] 郝海红[1,2,3,4] RUAN Zi-han;HUANG An-xiong;WANG Xiu-juan;HUANG Ling-li;HAO Hai-hong(National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070;MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070;Huazhong Agricultural University,Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health,Shenzhen 518000;Shenzhen Branch,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture,Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture,Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenzhen 518000)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学国家兽药残留基准实验室,武汉430070 [2]华中农业大学农业农村部畜禽产品质量安全风险评估实验室,武汉430070 [3]华中农业大学深圳营养与健康研究院,深圳518000 [4]中国农业科学院深圳农业基因组研究所岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室深圳分中心,深圳518000

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2022年第9期47-58,共12页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1800600);国家自然科学基金项目(32172914);中央高校自主创新基金(2662022DKYJC005)。

摘　　要：制定耐药判定标准的意义在于对药敏试验结果进行解释,以选择合适的药物和最佳的给药方案对动物进行治疗,是控制耐药性产生的重要手段。目前许多发达国家都成立了制定耐药判定标准的机构,其中最具影响力和权威的是美国临床和实验室标准协会以及欧盟药敏试验标准委员会两大机构。中国耐药性监测的研究起步较晚,主要借鉴美国临床和实验室标准协会所设立的耐药判定标准。2017年,在欧洲临床微生物和感染病学会和欧洲药敏试验委员会的支持下中国成立了华人药物敏感性试验委员会。近年来,在中国兽医药品监察所的带领下,各研究机构人员在耐药判定标准及耐药性监测方面也取得了突破性的进展,为控制中国抗菌药物耐药性的发展奠定了坚实的基础。本文首先介绍了耐药判定标准的定义和意义,为微生物研究者提供基本的理解;然后分别综述美国临床和实验室标准协会与欧盟药敏试验标准委员会的基本情况,并比较两者在兽用抗菌药物耐药判定标准制定上的差异;最后对中国兽用抗菌药物耐药性监测和耐药判定标准制定方面的成果进行分析总结。总体来说,中国在兽用抗菌药物耐药性控制方面处于稳步增长状态,已经制定的许多耐药判定标准对控制耐药性的发展具有重要意义。但仍有许多兽用抗菌药物缺乏相应的耐药判定标准,需要更多的研究者在未来找到更加快速、简便和准确的方法,不断填补、更新兽用抗菌药物的耐药判定标准。The significance of establishing susceptibility breakpoints is to interpret the results of drug susceptibility tests,and to select appropriate drugs and optimal dosing regimens in treating animals,which is an important means to control drug resistance.At present,institutions to establish susceptibility breakpoints have been established in many developed countries,among which the most influential and authoritative institutions are the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing(EUCAST).The research on drug resistance monitoring in China started relatively late,and mainly drew on the susceptibility breakpoints established by the CLSI.In 2017,with the support of the European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases and EUCAST,the Chinese Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing was established in China.Leading by the China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control(IVDC)in recent years,researchers from various research institutions have also made breakthroughs in susceptibility breakpoints and drug resistance monitoring,laying a solid foundation for controlling the development of antimicrobial resistance in China.This article first introduced the definition and significance of susceptibility breakpoints to provide a basic understanding for microbiological researchers.Then,it reviewed the basic situation of the CLSI and the EUCAST,and compared the differences in the establishment of susceptibility breakpoints between the two.Finally,this article analyzed and summarized the results of China’s veterinary antimicrobial resistance monitoring and susceptibility breakpoints.In general,China is in a state of steady growth in the control of veterinary antimicrobial resistance,and many established standards for the determination of resistance are of great significance for controlling the development of resistance.However,there are still many veterinary antibiotics lacking corresponding susceptibility breakpoints,which requires more r

关 键 词：兽用抗菌药 CLSI EUCAST 折点 差异 

分 类 号：S859[农业科学—临床兽医学]