单波长激发能量色散X射线荧光光谱法测定土壤和沉积物中19种元素  

Determination of 19 elements in soils and sediments by singlewavelength excitation energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

作　　者：杏艳 田渭花 刘锦华 宋硙 杨震 李飞 张霖琳 XING Yan;TIAN Weihua;LIU Jinhua;SONG Wei;YANG Zhen;LI Fei;ZHANG Linlin(Shaanxi Environmental Monitoring Center,Xi’an,710054,China;Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning,United Center for Eeo-Environment in Yangtze River Eeonomic Belt,Beijing,100107,China;Suzhou Jia Pu Technology Co.,Ltd.Suzhou,215000,China;China National Environmental Monitoring Centre,Beijing,100012,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省环境监测中心站,西安710054 [2]生态环境部环境规划院长江经济带生态环境联合研究中心,北京100107 [3]苏州佳谱科技有限公司,苏州215000 [4]中国环境监测总站,北京100012

出　　处：《环境化学》2022年第10期3182-3195,共14页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：中国工程院咨询研究项目(2021-30-21);国家环境保护重金属污染监测重点实验室基金(SKLMHM 202202);陕西省地方标准项目(SDBXM 120-2019)资助.

摘　　要：近年来能量色散X射线荧光光谱(ED-XRF)分析技术发展迅速,但用于生态环境监测领域准确测定土壤和沉积物中多种无机元素的研究鲜有报道.基于多实验室协作对系列土壤和沉积物进行测试,对测量结果进行了四分位稳健统计和迭代稳健统计,利用Z比分数进行数据筛查;并重点对单波长激发ED-XRF采集的微量Cd、Pb、As、Br、Cr、Cu、Ga、Mo、Mn、Nb、Zr、Ni、Rb、Sr、Th、Sb、Ti、V、Zn共19种元素检出限、精密度和正确性进行评估,与《土壤和沉积物无机元素的测定波长色散X射线荧光光谱法》(HJ 780-2015)进行比对和实际样品测试.结果表明,单波长激发ED-XRF测定土壤和沉积物中无机元素检出限绝大多数优于HJ 780-2015行业标准,精密度和正确度完全满足实验室日常检测和作为质控手段的要求,实际样品测试与实验室ICP-MS结果具有一致性.实验对土壤和沉积物中无机元素分析方法的拓展进行了有益尝试和积累,并为相关标准制订提供有益参考.Although the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy(ED-XRF)technology has grown rapidly in the past few years,there are few reports on its application in the field of environmental monitoring for the accurate determination of various inorganic elements in soils and sediments.Through a multi-laboratory collaboration,concentrations of 19 inorganic elements in soil and sediment standard reference samples were tested by ED-XRF,and quadratic robust statistics and iterative robust statistics were further performed based on measurement results.The data were screened using the Z ratio fraction,and the detection limits,precision and accuracy of 19 elements include cadmium,lead and arsenic by single wavelength excitation ED-XRF were determined and compared with the standard method:Determination of Inorganic Elements in Soil and Sediment by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry(HJ 780-2015).The results showed that the detection limits of the ED-XRF method for most of inorganic elements in soil and sediment are lower than those listed in the industry standard HJ 780-2015,and the precision and accuracy meet the requirements for routine laboratory testing and quality control.In addition,the results of actual samples were found consistent with those obtained by the ICP-MS.This study is a useful attempt at quantitation of inorganic elements in soils and sediments,which would also provide references for further developing standard methods.

关 键 词：土壤 沉积物 重金属 能量色散X 射线荧光光谱法 镉元素 

分 类 号：X830.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程] O657.34[理学—分析化学]