污灌区土壤-小麦系统中重金属富集特征及其对人体健康风险评价  

Characteristics of heavy metals in the soil-wheat system of sewage irrigation area and its health risk assessment

作　　者：王伟全 徐冬莹 黄青青 徐应明 孙约兵 WANG Weiquan;XU Dongying;HUANG Qingqing;XU Yingming;SUN Yuebing(Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(MARA)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety,Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,MARA,Tianjin,300191,China;College of Resources and Environment,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin,150030,China;College of Resources and Environment,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,830052,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部环境保护科研监测所,农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室,天津300191 [2]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,哈尔滨150030 [3]新疆农业大学资源与环境学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《环境化学》2022年第10期3231-3243,共13页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31971525);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0800300)资助.

摘　　要：以河南省某污灌区小麦农田为研究对象,土壤与小麦籽粒点对点样品采集,分析土壤与小麦籽粒重金属含量特征和空间分布规律,探究影响小麦籽粒重金属累积的关键土壤理化因子,采用单一目标危害商数(THQ)与综合目标危害商数(TTHQ)评估研究区小麦籽粒重金属对人体健康风险.研究表明,研究区土壤Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、Cr和Ni总量分别为6.40、35.52、0.95、24.35、319.60、21.71 mg·kg^(−1),其中Cd、Pb和Cr含量超过河南省土壤重金属含量背景值,而Cr和Cd含量超过《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准》(GB 15618—2018)筛选值.小麦籽粒中Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、Cr和Ni含量分别为4.14、28.07、0.09、0.45、0.54和0.42 mg·kg^(−1),分别有54、18、59、5份籽粒样品Cd、Pb、Cr和Ni含量超过食品安全标准(GB 2762—2017).小麦籽粒重金属含量与土壤理化性质呈现出较高的非线性关系.小麦籽粒重金属健康风险评价结果表明,儿童Cu和Zn的THQ值范围分别在0.50—1.62和0.49—1.47,其中>1%的样品占比分别为29.32%和17.28%,部分小麦籽粒中Cr、Cd、Pb同时对成人和儿童也有一定的健康风险;成人与儿童TTHQ均值分别为3.30和5.58,范围分别在1.38—18.15与2.30—30.66之间,TTHQ值>1的样品数为100%.THQ与TTHQ风险值均表现为儿童>成人.Taking wheat farmland in a waster irrigation area of Henan Province as the research object,soil and wheat grain point-to-point samples were collected to determine the characteristics of heavy metal contents in soil and wheat grain,and then we explored the key factors of soil physiochemical characteristics that affect uptake of heavy metals in wheat grain.Single target hazard quotient(THQ)and comprehensive target hazard quotient(TTHQ)were used to evaluate the health risk of heavy metals in wheat grains to human health in the study area.The contents of Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb,Cr and Ni in the study area were 6.40,35.52,0.95,24.35,319.60,and 21.71 mg·kg^(−1),Cd,Pb and Cr content exceeded the background value of heavy metal content in Henan Province,and Cr and Cd content exceed the screening value of soil pollution risk control standard of Soil Environmental Quality Control Standards for Soil Pollution Risk on Agricultural Land(GB 15618-2018).The concentrations of Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb,Cr and Ni in wheat grains were 4.14,28.07,0.09,0.45,0.54,and 0.42 mg·kg^(−1),and there were 54,18,59 and 5 wheat grain samples of Cd,Pb,Cr and Ni,respectively,exceeded the food safety standard(GB 2762—2017).Nonlinear results showed higher correlation between heavy metals in wheat grains and soil physical and chemical properties.Health risk evaluation showed that THQ of Cu,Zn was 0.50—1.62 and 0.49—1.47,respectively,and the samples of THQ>1 was 29.32%and 17.28%respectively.Cr,Cd,and Pb in some of wheat grain samples exhibited health risks to both adults and children.The mean values of TTHQ for adults and children were 3.30 and 5.58,ranging from 1.38 to 18.15 and 2.30 to 30.66,respectively.The samples of TTHQ>1 was 100%.THQ and TTHQ risk values showed children>adults.

关 键 词：土壤 小麦籽粒 重金属 健康风险 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4