防霜棚夜间温度变化规律及大棚逆温现象分析  

Analysis of temperature change law at night and temperature inversion in frost-proof greenhouse

作　　者：李伟建 张维江[1] 姜瑞洋 冯娜 Li Weijian;Zhang Weijiang;Jiang Ruiyang;Feng Na(School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《农业科学研究》2022年第3期6-10,21,共6页Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划重大(重点)项目(2018BEG02010)。

摘　　要：于2020年4月搭建以复合土工膜为覆盖材料的防霜棚,研究其夜间的温度变化规律,结果表明:①对于不加温防霜棚,棚内夜间温度低于棚外温度,出现大棚逆温现象,产生的平均逆温差为-1.8℃,最大逆温差为-5.8℃,使得防霜棚在不加温工况下不仅不能抵御霜冻,反而会加重霜冻危害;对于加温防霜棚,棚内放入热源后,棚内平均温度比棚外平均温度高6.1℃,能够起到良好的增温效果。②大棚逆温现象产生的原因复杂,但其主要原因是夜间棚膜外表面的辐射失热,同时由于保温比过小会使大棚逆温现象加重。③使用煤作为热源虽能够提升棚内温度,但受到棚内氧气含量的制约,无法输出稳定热量,效率不高,此外煤燃烧容易产生SO2等有害气体,对环境及植物生长不利。因此需要探究更加经济安全、高效稳定的加热措施。During the frost period in April 2020,a frost-proof shed with composite geomembrane as the covering material was built,and the night temperature change law was studied.The results showed that for the frost-proof shed without heating,the night temperature inside the shed was lower than that outside the shed.Greenhouse temperature inversion occurs,and the average inversion temperature difference is-1.8℃,with the maximum inversion temperature difference being-5.8℃,which makes the frost-proof shed aggravate the frost damage rather than resist it under non-heating conditions.For the heating frost-proof shed,after the heating source is set,the average temperature inside is 6.1℃ higher than the average temperature outside the shed,which achieves a good heating effect.The causes of the greenhouse temperature inversion are complex,but the main reason is the radiation heat loss of the outer surface of the greenhouse film at night.At the same time,it will be aggravated due to the small heat preservation ratio.Using coal as a heat source can increase the temperature in the shed,but limited by the oxygen content in the shed,it cannot output stable heat and is not efficient.In addition,coal combustion is prone to produce harmful gases such as SO2,which has an adverse effect on the environment and plant growth.Therefore,it is necessary to explore more economical,safe,efficient and stable heating measures.

关 键 词：防霜棚 夜间温度 大棚逆温 

分 类 号：S625[农业科学—园艺学]