NITROGEN USE AND MANAGEMENT IN ORCHARDS AND VEGETABLE FIELDS IN CHINA: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS  

作　　者：Xueqiang ZHU Peng ZHOU Peng MIAO Haoying WANG Xinlu BAI Zhujun CHEN Jianbin ZHOU 

机构地区：[1]College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China [2]Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China,Yangling 712100,China.

出　　处：《Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering》2022年第3期386-395,共10页农业科学与工程前沿（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0200106);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41671295);the 111 Project(B12007).

摘　　要：China is the largest producer and consumer of fruits and vegetables in the world.Although the annual planting areas of orchards and vegetable fields(OVF)account for 20%of total croplands,they consume more than 30%of the mineral nitrogen fertilizers in China and have become hotspots of reactive N emissions.Excess N fertilization has not only reduced the N use efficiency(NUE)and quality of grown fruits and vegetables but has also led to soil acidification,biodiversity loss and climate change.Studies using 15N labeling analysis showed that the recovery rate of N fertilizer in OVFs was only 16.6%,and a high proportion of fertilizer N resided in soils(48.3%)or was lost to the environment(35.1%).Nitrate accumulation in the soil of OVFs is the main fate of N fertilizer in northern China,which threatens groundwater quality,while leaching and denitrification are the important N fates of N fertilizer in southern China.Therefore,taking different measures to reduce N loss and increase NUE based on the main pathways of N loss in the various regions is urgent,including rational N fertilization,substituting mineral N fertilizers with organic fertilizers,fertigation,and adding mineral N fertilizers with urease inhibitors and nitrification inhibitors.

关 键 词：nitrogen fate nitrogen fertilizer ORCHARDS vegetable fields 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]