论学术剽窃的法律规制  

Legal Regulation of Academic Plagiarism:Reflection and Construction

作　　者：叶莉 YE Li(Editorial Department of Guizhou University of Engineering Science,Bijie,Guizhou 551700,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州工程应用技术学院学报编辑部,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《贵州工程应用技术学院学报》2022年第4期67-71,共5页Journal of Guizhou University Of Engineering Science

摘　　要：道德的非强制性特点难以有效约束人们的学术行为,因而需要从法律层面对学术剽窃进行强有力的规范。剽窃的核心含义是将他人作品当作自己作品公开发表,其具有非独创性之特征。学术剽窃的认定可从作品事先存在、事前接触作品、构成实质性相似、行为人持故意的主观心态四个方面综合判断。鉴于学术剽窃的社会危害性,有必要从实体法和程序法两个维度构建抵制学术剽窃的壁垒。实体法上,将学术剽窃行为犯罪化的主张缺乏正当性,承担私法上的责任也不应以造成实际损害后果作为先决条件,行政法规制是最有效的手段。程序法上,重视临时禁令的应用和实行举证责任倒置的证明责任分配规则。The non-coercion of morality is difficult to effectively restrain people’s academic behavior,so it is necessary to regulate academic plagiarism from the legal level.The core meaning of plagiarism is to publish the works of others as one’s own,which is characterized by non-originality.The identification of academic plagiarism can be comprehensively judged from four aspects:the prior existence of the work,the prior contact with the work,the substantial similarity,and the intentional subjective mentality of the doer.In view of the social harmfulness of academic plagiarism,it is necessary to construct barriers against academic plagiarism from the two dimensions of substantive law and procedural law.In terms of substantive law,the idea of criminalizing academic plagiarism lacks legitimacy,and taking responsibility in private law should not take actual damage consequences as a prerequisite,and administrative law regulation is the most effective means.In procedural law,we attach importance to the application of temporary injunction and implement the distribution rule of burden of proof inverted.

关 键 词：学术剽窃 非独创性 实质性相似 临时禁令 举证责任倒置 

分 类 号：D90[政治法律—法学理论]