3种不同矮化中间砧对“信浓红”苹果幼树生长结果的影响  

Effects of three different dwarfing interstocks on the saplings growth and fruiting of“Cinano Red”Apple

作　　者：尹鹏龙 王祖光 石晓英 姬新梅 张学英[1] 徐继忠[1] YIN Penglong;WANG Zuguang;SHI Xiaoying;JI Xinmei;ZHANG Xueying;XU Jizhong(College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《林业与生态科学》2022年第4期390-394,共5页Forestry and Ecological Sciences

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系水果创新团队项目(HBCT2018100403);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-27)。

摘　　要：以基砧为八棱海棠,中间砧为SH40、冀砧1号和冀砧2号的“信浓红”苹果树为试材,研究了“信浓红”嫁接在3种矮化中间砧上的生长结果表现。结果表明,3种砧穗组合的树高、行间枝展均无显著差异,SH40中间砧干径增长较慢;冀砧2号中心干主枝数增长较快,3种砧穗组合的枝类组成无显著差异;短枝比例均在50.0%~55.0%之间,中枝比例在8.0%~10.0%之间,长枝比例在35.0%~40.0%之间。SH40和冀砧2号短枝比例最高,为54.0%;冀砧1号中枝比例最高为10.0%;半成品苗栽植第5年单株产量达11.45 kg,显著高于SH40和冀砧1号。3个砧穗组合单果质量、硬度无显著差异,冀砧1号可溶性固形物和苹果酸含量最低。综合分析认为,以SH40、冀砧1号和冀砧2号为中间砧时,“信浓红”树体生长结果表现均较好。以冀砧2号做中间砧,初期产量高,结果表现更优。The“Cinano Red”Apple trees with eight-edged begonia as base stock,SH40,Jizhen No.1 and Jizhen No.2 as intermediate stocks were used as materials to study the growth and fruit performance of“Cinano Red”grafted on three dwarfing intermediate stocks.The results showed that there was no significant difference in tree height and inter-row branch spread among the three rootstock-spike combinations,and the stem diameter of SH40 middle rootstock increased slowly.The number of main branches of central trunk of Jizhen No.2 increased rapidly,and there was no significant difference in branch composition of the three rootstock-spike combinations.The proportion of short branches ranged from 50.0%55.0%,the proportion of medium branches ranged from 8.0%10.0%,and the proportion of long branches ranged from 35.0%40.0%.The proportion of short branch of SH40 and Jizhen No.2 was the highest at 54.0%.The proportion of middle branch of Jizhen No.1 was the highest at 10.0%.In the fifth year of semi-finished seedling planting,the yield per plant reached 11.45 kg,which was significantly higher than that of SH40 and Jizhen No.1.There was no significant difference in single fruit quality and hardness among the three rootstock-spike combinations,and Jizhen No.1 had the lowest soluble solids and malic acid content.Comprehensive analysis showed that when SH40,Jizhen No.1 and Jizhen No.2 were used as intermediate stocks,the growth results of Cinano mangrove were all better.When Jizhen No.2 was used as intermediate stocks,which had higher initial yield and better performance.

关 键 词：苹果 “信浓红” 矮化中间砧 生长结果 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]