负载型离子液体吸附分离CO_(2)的研究现状及展望  

Status and prospect on CO_(2) adsorption and separation by supported ionic liquids

作　　者：吴建猛 郑爽 曾少娟 张香平[1,3] 杨灿 董海峰[1,3] WU Jianmeng;ZHENG Shuang;ZENG Shaojuan;ZHANG Xiangping;YANG Can;DONG Haifeng(Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory,Huizhou 516227,Guangdong,China;Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education,School of Chemical Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process,State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]先进能源科学与技术广东省实验室,广东惠州516227 [2]郑州大学化工学院,先进功能材料制造教育部工程研究中心,河南郑州450001 [3]中国科学院过程工程研究所,多相复杂系统国家重点实验室,离子液体清洁过程北京市重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《化工学报》2022年第10期4268-4284,共17页CIESC Journal

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFA0710200);国家自然科学基金项目(21890764,22122814,21838010);山西省科技重大专项项目(20201102005);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2018064)。

摘　　要：人口增长与全球工业化的加速发展促使化石能源需求量逐年递增,由此导致大气中二氧化碳(CO_(2))含量快速上升并引发了全球系列气候问题,“碳达峰·碳中和”背景下的CO_(2)减排刻不容缓。传统工业捕集CO_(2)方法由于能耗高、选择性较差、溶剂损耗大等问题限制了其大规模推广应用,离子液体因其极低挥发性、强的气体亲和性、可调的结构性质等特点在CO_(2)捕集分离领域逐渐显示出独特优势,但离子液体特别是功能化后通常黏度较高或室温呈固态,导致气液传质效果差或无法直接应用于吸收分离过程。负载型离子液体兼具离子液体和多孔材料的共同优势,不仅能提升选择性分离效果,有效避免离子液体直接吸收造成的高黏度,还可拓展离子液体应用范围,具有广阔的发展前景。重点总结了近些年物理和化学负载型离子液体在CO_(2)吸附分离方面的研究现状和进展,并对负载型离子液体捕集分离CO_(2)研究的发展趋势进行了展望。Population growth and accelerated global industrialization have led to a yearly increase in fossil energy demand,resulting in a rapid increase of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) emission in the atmosphere,which has led to a series of global climate problems,and CO_(2) reduction in the context of“carbon peak and carbon neutralization”is imperative.Traditional industrial technologies for CO_(2) separation are limited by high energy consumption,low selectivity and large solvent loss.Ionic liquids(ILs)have showed unique advantages in the field of CO_(2) capture and separation due to their extremely low volatility,strong gas affinity and tunable structures.However,ILs,especially after functionalization,usually are highly viscous or solid at room temperature,resulting in poor gas-liquid mass transfer limiting their applications on CO_(2) absorption and separation.Supported ionic liquids combine the advantages of ILs and porous materials,not only can enhance selective separation and effectively avoid high viscosity caused by direct absorption of ILs,but also can expand the application range of ILs,which have broad development prospect.This work comprehensively summarized the status and progress on physically and chemically supported ILs for CO_(2) adsorption and separation in recent years,and provided an outlook on the development trend in future.

关 键 词：离子液体 二氧化碳 吸附 负载型离子液体 机理 

分 类 号：TQ530.11[化学工程—煤化学工程]