某严寒地区尾矿库冬季放矿方式可行性分析  

Feasibility Analysis of Winter Ore Drawing Method for Tailings Reservoir in Winter in Severe Cold Area

作　　者：陈荣健 王伟明 刘涛 曾霄祥 CHEN Rongjian;WANG Weiming;LIU Tao;ZENG Xiaoxiang(Yichun Luming Mining Co.,Ltd.;Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]伊春鹿鸣矿业有限公司 [2]中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司

出　　处：《现代矿业》2022年第10期68-72,共5页Modern Mining

摘　　要：严寒地区尾矿库放矿方式不当会在沉积滩产生放矿冰冻层,影响尾矿坝正常渗流及抗滑稳定性。以某严寒地区尾矿库冬季放矿方式为例,理论计算了矿浆流的温降距离及冻结距离,进行了冬季放矿滩面状态调查及放矿参数监测,根据勘探取样及孔内测温确定了尾矿堆积体内冰冻层赋存情况及温度变化规律。结果表明:矿浆流冻结距离远大于其温降距离,流动的矿浆进入冰盖层前不会冻结。集中放矿能很快形成放矿流道,沿流道流动至冰盖层处进入水下,流动矿浆对周边冰冻层起到了融化作用。堆积坝面以下范围冻土层已彻底融化,库区范围冻土层分布于沉积滩以下20 m左右,最大冻土厚度为2~3 m。冰冻层以下地层未见冻层,且随深度增加,堆积体内部温度逐渐升高至10℃左右。结果说明,该尾矿库冬季放矿方式是可行的。冰冻期末恢复坝前放矿前,通过对坝前滩面表层冻层采取破冰作业破坏其完整性,加快其融化速率,降低冰冻层对坝体渗流及稳定性的不利影响。Improper ore drawing method of tailings reservoir in severe cold area will produce ore drawing frozen layer in sedimentary beach,which will affect the normal seepage and anti-sliding stability of tailings dam.Taking the ore drawing method for a tailings reservoir in a cold area as an example,the temperature drop distance and freezing distance of the slurry flow are theoretically calculated,and the state of the drawing beach surface and the monitoring of the drawing parameters in winter are carried out.According to the exploration sampling and the temperature measurement in the hole,the occurrence of the frozen layer in the tailings accumulation and the temperature change law are determined.The results show that the freezing distance of pulp flow is far greater than its temperature drop distance,and the flowing pulp will not freeze before entering the ice cover.Concentrated ore drawing can quickly form a drawing flow channel,which flows along the flow channel to the ice sheet and enters the water.The flowing slurry plays a role in melting the surrounding frozen layer.The frozen soil layer below the dam surface has completely melted.The frozen soil layer in the reservoir area is distributed about 20 m below the sedimentary beach,and the maximum frozen soil thickness is 2~3 m.There is no frozen layer below the frozen layer,and the temperature inside the accumulation gradually increases to about 10℃ with the increase of depth.The results show that the ore drawing method of the tailings reservoir in winter is feasible.Before recovering the ore drawing in front of the dam at the end of the freezing period,the ice breaking operation is carried out on the surface frozen layer of the beach in front of the dam to destroy its integrity,accelerate its melting rate,and reduce the adverse effect of the frozen layer on the seepage and stability of the dam body.

关 键 词：尾矿库 严寒地区 冻土 

分 类 号：TD926.4[矿业工程—选矿]