基于红外相机技术的南滚河国家级自然保护区鸟兽多样性初步监测  

Preliminary Analysis on Diversity of Large and Medium-Sized Mammals and Birds Using Infrared Cameras in the Nangunhe National Nature Reserve

作　　者：陈彦一 肖剑平 王志胜 陈德明 李旭[1,3] CHEN Yanyi;XIAO Jianping;WANG Zhisheng;CHEN Deming;LI Xu(College of Biodiversity and Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,650224,China;Management and Protection Bureau of Yunnan Nangunhe National Nature Reserve,Lincang,677400,China;Key Laboratory for Conserving Wildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学生物多样性保护学院,昆明650224 [2]云南南滚河国家级自然保护区管护局,临沧677400 [3]云南省高校极小种群野生动物保育重点实验室,昆明650224

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2022年第4期1009-1018,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：云南省省级环境保护专项资金项目(省对下);云南省重点学科野生动植物保护与利用项目(XKZ200904);云南省林学一流学科建设项目(51600625)。

摘　　要：2020年1—12月,在云南南滚河国家级自然保护区布设80台红外相机,对区内大中型兽类及林下鸟类资源进行连续监测,共记录到23种兽类和19种鸟类,包括3种国家一级重点保护野生动物,即亚洲象(Elephas maximus)、金钱豹(Panthera pardus)、北豚尾猴(Macaca leonina)和13种国家二级重点保护野生动物,即水鹿(Cervus equinus)、猕猴(Macaca mulatta)、亚洲黑熊(Ursus thibetanus)、中华鬣羚(Capricornis milneedwardsii)、短尾猴(Macaca arctoides)、巨松鼠(Ratufa bicolor)、黄喉貂(Martes flavigula)、豹猫(Prionailurus bengalensis)、白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)、红原鸡(Gallus gallus)、红腹锦鸡(Chrysolophus pictus)、大仙鹟(Niltava grandis)和雀鹰(Accipiter nisus)。调查到的兽类中相对丰富度最高的为赤麂(Muntiacus vaginalis,I_(RA)=10.19),其次是野猪(Sus scrofa,I_(RA)=9.25)、水鹿(I_(RA)=4.42)、黄鼬(Mustela sibirica,I_(RA)=2.36);鸟类中相对丰富度最高的为白尾蓝地鸲(Myiomela leucurum,I_(RA)=2.34),其次是白鹇(I_(RA)=1.99)、紫啸鸫(Myophonus caeruleus,I_(RA)=1.24)、红原鸡(I_(RA)=0.75)。活动节律分析结果显示,赤麂、亚洲象、白鹇、白尾蓝地鸲、紫啸鸫和红原鸡应为昼行性动物,野猪和水鹿应为夜行性动物。研究结果有助于监测南滚河保护区大中型兽类和林下鸟类资源,为保护区有效管理提供数据支持。From January to December in 2020,we set up 80 infrared cameras to monitor large and medium-sized mammals and forest birds in the Nangunhe National Nature Reserve,Yunnan.We identified 23 mammal species and 19 bird species,including three Class Ⅰ state key protected animals Elephas maximus,Panthera pardus,Macaca leonina and 13 ClassⅡstate key protected animals Cervus equinus,Macaca mulatta,Ursus thibetanus,Capricornis milneedwardsii,Macaca arctoides,Ratufa bicolor,Martes flavigula,Prionailurus bengalensis,Lophura nycthemera,Gallus gallus,Chrysolophus pictus,Niltava grandis and Accipiter nisus.Based on the relative abundance index(I_(RA)),Muntiacus vaginalis(I_(RA)=10.19),Sus scrofa(I_(RA)=9.25),Cervus equinus(I_(RA)=4.42),Mustela sibirica(I_(RA)=2.36)were ranked as the top four most abundant mammal specices.Myiomela leucurum(I_(RA)=2.34),Lophura nycthemera(I_(RA)=1.99),Myophonus caeruleus(I_(RA)=1.24)and Gallus gallus(I_(RA)=0.75)were ranked as the top four most common bird species.Muntiacus vaginalis,Elephas maximus,Lophura nycthemera,Myiomela leucurum,Myophonus caeruleus and Gallus gallus should be diurnal animals,while Sus scrofa and Cervus equinus should be nocturnal animals.Our findings provide valuable data for monitoring large and medium-sized mammal and forest bird resources in the Nangunhe National Nature Reserve,and can inform future research and management of the protected area.

关 键 词：红外相机 鸟兽 物种丰富度 活动节律 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]