一头搁浅瓜头鲸的救助与死因分析  

The Rescue and Cause of Death of Peponocephala electra

作　　者：孔重人[1] 宋新然 魏廷育 王雨霏 王震 李应东 鹿志创[1] 田甲申[1] KONG Zhongren;SONG Xinran;WEI Tingyu;WANG Yufei;WANG Zhen;LI Yingdong;LU Zhichuang;TIAN Jiashen(Dalian Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Marine Mammals,Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute,Dalian,116023,China;Dalian Sun Asia Tourism Holding Co.,Ltd.,Dalian,116023,China;Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang,110866,China;Huludao City Comprehensive Law Enforcement of Agriculture,Huludao,125099,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院,大连市濒危海洋哺乳动物保护生物学重点实验室,大连116023 [2]大连圣亚旅游控股股份有限公司,大连116023 [3]沈阳农业大学教育部重要家畜疫病研究教育部重点实验室,沈阳110866 [4]葫芦岛市农业综合行政执法队,葫芦岛125099

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2022年第4期1076-1082,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：辽宁省海洋与渔业厅科研项目(201812,201822)。

摘　　要：2021年9月6日,1头瓜头鲸(Peponocephala electra)搁浅于辽宁省大连市庄河海域,经积极救助后于当日放归入海。9月9日,该瓜头鲸再次搁浅于大连市普兰店海域,转运至救助场馆进行救治救助,于9月10日抢救无效死亡。外部形态观测发现:该瓜头鲸为雄性,体长231.4 cm,体重115 kg,略有消瘦,背鳍、尾鳍有轻微摩擦伤,头颈部存在数道较浅、犁耙型伤口。解剖发现:腹部脂肪层、肌肉层、胃部及尾部包囊内有寄生虫,其中胃内寄生虫为派氏异尖线虫(Anisakis pegreffii);尾部有3处溃疡面;肠内有大量气体;气管有多个白色气泡状液体;肺部及肝脏有暗红色液体;脾脏有淡绿突起及针状出血;左侧附睾出血严重;其他组织、器官未见肉眼可见病变。综合分析推测其死因为重度肺炎和营养贫瘠导致的急性心肺功能衰竭。One melon-headed whale(Peponocephala electra)was found to strand alive in the Zhuanghe sea area,Dalian city on September 6,2021,and died four days after rescue.Pathological anatomy and extemal morphological methods were performed to investigate the causes of death.The body length was 231.4 cm and the weight was 115 kg.It was a male with a skinny body,and numerous injuries were discovered.Moreover,there are Anisakis pegreffii parasites in the first stomach,muscle and blubber.Furthermore,there was a lot of gas in the intestine,and many white bubble-like fluids in the trachea,dark red fluid in the lungs and liver,light green protrusions and needle-like bleeding in the spleen,and bleeding in the left epididymis.After comprehensive analysis of autopsy,it was concluded that severe pneumonia and nutritional failure resulted in death.

关 键 词：瓜头鲸 救助 病理解剖 鲸类搁浅 

分 类 号：S865.3[农业科学—野生动物驯养]