亲鸟抚育在珍稀雉类保护性繁育中的作用  

The Role of Parental Rearing in Conservation Breeding of Rare Pheasant Species

作　　者：张敬[1,2] John CORDER 冯妍 崔雅芳[1] 贺倩[1] 王丹 刘雪生 王立莹 李静[1] 丁楠[1] 贾婷[1] 由玉岩[1,2] 张恩权[1] ZHANG Jing;John CORDER;FENG Yan;CUI Yafang;HE Qian;WANG Dan;LIU Xuesheng;WANG Liying;LI Jing;DING Nan;JIA Ting;YOU Yuyan;ZHANG Enquan(Beijing Zoo Management Office,Beijing,100044,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Captive Wildlife Technologies of Beijing Zoo,Beijing,100044,China;World Pheasant Association,North-Shields,NE302QT,UK)

机构地区：[1]北京动物园管理处,北京100044 [2]北京动物园圈养野生动物技术北京市重点实验室,北京100044 [3]世界雉类协会,North-Shields,NE302QT

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2022年第4期1114-1118,共5页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：北京市公园管理中心科技课题项目(ZX2021018)。

摘　　要：我国是世界上雉科(Phasianidae)鸟类最多的国家,动物园在珍稀雉类迁地保护中发挥着重要作用。北京动物园通过多项措施来提高珍稀雉类繁育工作的成效:建造生态型饲养笼舍,丰富生活环境;提供自然多样食物,满足营养需求;开展行为训练,降低应激反应;采用亲鸟抚育方式,提高雉类迁地保护成功率。近年来,对血雉(Ithaginis cruentus berezowskii)、暗腹雪鸡(Tetraogallus himalayensis)、红腹锦鸡(Chrysolophus pictus)、白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)、白冠长尾雉(Syrmaticus reevesii)、红腹角雉(Tragopan temminckii)、蓝马鸡(Crossoptilon auritum)和石鸡(Alectoris chukar)等雉类开展了亲鸟抚育试验,在圈养雉类保护性繁育方面进行了有益探索,取得了较好的试验效果,开展亲鸟抚育与未来再引入相结合,是今后动物园珍稀雉类饲养的主要发展方向。China has the greatest number of pheasant species in the world.Zoos play an important role in the ex situ conservation of the endangered pheasants.We aimed to improve the breeding efficiency of rare pheasants in Beijing Zoo by the following measures:constructing ecological aviaries to enrich the living environment of various pheasants,providing a natural variety of food to meet the nutritional needs of pheasants,conducting behavior training to relieve animal stress,and adopting parental rearing method to improve the success rate of pheasant ex situ protection.In recent years,we have carried out parental rearing experiments on blood pheasant(Ithaginis cruentus berezowskii),himalayan snowcock(Tetraogallus himalayensis),golden pheasant(Chrysolophus pictus),silver pheasant(Lophura nycthemera),Reeves s pheasant(Syrmaticus reevesii),Temminck s tragopan(Tragopan temminckii),blue eared pheasant(Crossoptilon auritum),chukar partridge(Alectoris chukar)and other pheasants.We made a beneficial exploration in ex situ conservation of captive pheasants and achieved good experimental results.The combination of parental rearing and future reintroduction is the main future development direction of rare pheasant breeding in zoos.

关 键 词：珍稀雉类 亲鸟抚育 保护性繁育 动物园 

分 类 号：S864.5[农业科学—野生动物驯养]