徐闻菠萝产业集群集中度和竞争力分析  

Analysis on Concentration and Competitiveness of Xuwen Pineapple Industrial Cluster

作　　者：刘娟 LIU Juan(Zhanjiang University of Science and Technology,School of Economics and Finance,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524094,China)

机构地区：[1]湛江科技学院经济与金融学院,广东湛江524094

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2022年第9期92-98,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：湛江市科技局非资助项目《农产品电商发展与欠发达地区乡村振兴—以广东徐闻县为例》(No.2021B01066)。

摘　　要：徐闻县作为中国菠萝的主产区,种植条件得天独厚,但整体产业化、标准化程度不高。产业集群是提升区域农业产业竞争力、实现农业产业化的重要方式。因此,开展徐闻菠萝产业集群发展的研究对促进徐闻菠萝产业升级和指导其他水果产业集群的发展有着积极的现实意义。文章基于2000—2020年菠萝产业的统计数据,运用钻石模型、区位商(LQ)、集中系数(CC)、效率优势指数(EAI)和规模优势指数(SAI)对徐闻菠萝产业集群的发展现状、集中度和竞争力进行分析。结果表明,徐闻菠萝产业集群历史悠久、产业规模大、产业集中度高,但市场竞争力不足,产业集群优势逐渐下降。主要原因是徐闻菠萝种植品种结构单一、特色品种缺乏、果实品质良莠不齐、加工企业规模小且加工水平低。根据上述制约因素并结合徐闻菠萝产业现状,笔者认为可从调整菠萝种植品种结构、提高菠萝生产组织化水平、延长菠萝加工产业链进而提升菠萝产品附加值等路径上开展工作,促进徐闻菠萝产业集群发展。Xuwen County, as the main production area of pineapple in China, has unique planting conditions of pineapple industry, but the overall industrialization、standardization degree and the industrial competitiveness is not strong. Industrial cluster is the main way to develop agricultural competitiveness and realize agricultural industrialization.The study of pineapple industrial cluster in Xuwen has positive influence on the industrial upgrading of pineapple and development of other fruits cluster. Based on the statistical data of pineapple industry from 2000 to 2020, this paper used diamond model, location quotient(LQ), concentration coefficient(CC), efficiency advantage index(EAI) and scale advantage index(SAI) to analyze the development status, concentration degree and competitiveness of pineapple industry cluster in Xuwen. The results showed that Xuwen pineapple industrial cluster had a long history, large industrial scale and high industrial concentration, but the market competitiveness was insufficient, and the advantages of industrial cluster gradually declined. The main reason was that the structure of Xuwen pineapple planting varieties was single, the planting scale was small, the organization degree was low, the fruit quality was uneven, and the processing enterprises were small and the processing level was low. Based on the industry situation of pineapple in Xuwen, some suggestions were put forward such as adjusting pineapple planting structure,improving the industrial level of pineapple production extending the pineapple processing industrial chain and enhancing product added value to promote the development of Xuwen pineapple industry cluster.

关 键 词：徐闻 菠萝产业 集群发展 集中度 竞争力 

分 类 号：F326.13[经济管理—产业经济]