铝锂合金组织-性能相关性及新型铝锂合金设计  

Correlations between Properties and Structures of Al-Li Alloys and Novel Alloy Design

作　　者：李劲风[1] 李昊然 王正安 LI Jinfeng;LI Haoran;WANG Zheng'an(Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Materials Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Southwest Aluminum(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401326,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学材料科学与工程学院有色金属材料科学与工程教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410083 [2]西南铝业(集团)有限责任公司,重庆401326

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2022年第10期796-807,共12页Materials China

摘　　要：铝锂合金具有低密度、高弹性模量、高比强度和比刚度、低疲劳裂纹扩展速率、较好的高温及低温性能等特性,是理想的航空航天材料。国际上十分重视铝锂合金新材料开发,并不断推出新的铝锂合金牌号。介绍了铝锂合金中的主要时效析出相,综述了铝锂合金力学性能、耐腐蚀性能、疲劳裂纹扩展速率与时效析出相的相关性。结合合金化元素含量及微合金化元素对铝锂合金时效析出相的影响,介绍了高强、超高强铝锂合金,耐腐蚀铝锂合金,耐损伤铝锂合金,高淬透性铝锂合金的开发情况,总结了国内新型铝锂合金开发的不足,提出了未来新型铝锂合金的研究方向。Al-Li alloys are ideal aerospace materials due to their properties such as low density,high elastic modulus,high specific stiffness and strength,low fatigue crack propagation rate,good property at high and cryogenic temperatures.The research on novel Al-Li alloy materials attracted great attention all over the world,and new Al-Li alloy brands have been registered constantly.This paper introduces the main aging precipitates in Al-Li alloys,and summarizes the correlation between aging precipitates and mechanical properties,corrosion properties and fatigue crack propagation rate of Al-Li alloys.Combined with the influence of alloying elements and microalloying elements on the aging precipitates,the development of high strength and super-high strength Al-Li alloys,corrosion resistant Al-Li alloys,damage resistant Al-Li alloys and high hardenability Al-Li alloys is introduced.The shortcomings of domestic development of novel Al-Li alloys are summarized,and some development directions on Al-Li alloys in the future are proposed.

关 键 词：铝锂合金 时效析出相 超高强 耐损伤 耐腐蚀 淬透性 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]