大负荷涡带压力脉动机理研究及其在周宁水电站的应用  

Study on Pressure Pulsation Mechanism of Vortex Rope under Heavy Loads and Its Application in Zhouning Hydropower Station

作　　者：吴金荣 王蒙 赵立策[1] 徐洪泉[1] WU Jinrong;WANG Meng;ZHAO Lice;XU Hongquan(Huadian Ningde Power Development Co.,Ltd.,Ningde 352100,Fujian,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]华电宁德电力开发有限公司,福建宁德3521002.中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《水力发电》2022年第11期84-89,95,共7页Water Power

摘　　要：与原模型试验相结合,以2个阶段模型试验为重点,采用压力脉动测量和尾水管涡带空化状况观测拍照相结合的方式,对周宁水电站大负荷工况压力脉动幅值上升和鼓形涡空化空腔直径增大之间的密切关系进行研究,结果显示,鼓形涡的危害方式是空腔的膨胀-收缩及空化空腔内液位的上下窜动。就鼓形涡压力脉动产生机理进行了初步探讨,并结合周宁水电站实际运行情况,分析了长短叶片在周宁水电站应用的利弊。Combined with prototype and model tests,and focusing on the two-stage model tests,the pressure pulsation measurement and the draft tube vortex cavitation observation and photography are combined to study the relationship between the amplitude increase of pressure pulsation and the diameter increase of drum-shape vortex cavitation cavity under heavy load condition in Zhouning Hydropower Station.The results show that the damage ways of drum-shape vortex are the expansion-shrinkage of cavitation cavity as well as the running up and down of liquid level in the cavity.The generation mechanism of drum-shape vortex pressure pulsation is preliminarily discussed,and the advantages and disadvantages of the application of long-short blades in Zhouning Hydropower Station are analyzed in combination with the actual operation of the station.

关 键 词：压力脉动 大负荷 涡带空腔 直涡 混流式水轮机 长短叶片 周宁水电站 

分 类 号：TV743[水利工程—水利水电工程]