小麦根际微生物群落结构和多样性对水分胁迫的响应  

Effect of Water Stress on Microbial Community and Diversity in the Rhizosphere of Winter Wheat

作　　者：张江伟 薛佳欣 李慧 柴晓甜 赵帅 李莉威 张斯佳 贾丽娟 张建恒[1] 王贵彦[1] ZHANG Jiangwei;XUE Jiaxin;LI Hui;CHAI Xiaotian;ZHAO Shuai;LI Liwei;ZHANG Sijia;JIA Lijuan;ZHANG Jianheng;WANG Guiyan(College of Agronomy,Hebei Agricultural University,State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation,Key Laboratory of Water-saving Agriculture in North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学农学院,华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,农业农村部华北节水农业重点实验室,河北保定071000

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2022年第10期41-50,共10页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：“十三五”国家粮食丰产增效科技创新专项(2018YFD0300504)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明小根际微生物群落结构和多样性对水分胁迫的响应。【方法】以小品种“济22”为试验材料,采用单因素完全随机盆栽试验,以小开花期充分供水(CK)为对照,设置轻度水分胁迫(L)、中度水分胁迫(M)和重度水分胁迫(S)3个处理。每个处理于开花期取根际土,利用Illumina高通量测序技术测定微生物群落结构和多样性,分析根际土壤酶活性、微生物群落组成和多样性对不同水分胁迫的响应。【结果】与CK相比,轻度水分胁迫显著提高了土壤蔗糖酶活性,重度水分胁迫显著降低了蔗糖酶和脲酶活性,水分胁迫对碱性磷酸酶活性没有显著影响。水分胁迫对细菌和真菌多样性指数的影响不同,与CK相比,细菌的Shannon多样性指数受水分胁迫影响显著降低,而真菌的Shannon指数只有重度水分胁迫时显著下降;细菌和真菌的ACE、Chao1和辛普森多样性指数只在重度水分胁迫时显著改变。水分胁迫处理细菌优势菌属为地杆菌属(Pedobacter)、马赛菌属(Massilia)和Promicromonospora属;水分胁迫时真菌优势属为赤霉菌属(Gibberella)、被孢霉属(Mortierella)、油壶菌属(Olpidium)、布氏白粉属(Blumeria)、枝孢菌属(Cladosporium)、Lectera属、链格孢菌属(Alternaria)和Acremonium菌属,其中油壶菌属(Olpidium)和链格孢菌属(Alternaria)的相对丰度均高于CK,链格孢菌属(Alternaria)的相对丰度在轻度水分胁迫时显著高于CK;重度水分胁迫时油壶菌属(Olpidium)和布氏白粉属(Blumeria)的相对丰度比其他处理显著提高,被孢霉属(Mortierella)相对丰度则显著降低。冗余分析表明,土壤含水量和蔗糖酶活性与细菌群落类诺卡氏菌属(Nocardioides)、马赛菌属(Massilia)、norank_f_Saccharimonadaceae属、Promicromonospora属和地杆菌属(Pedobacter)均呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);与真菌优势菌属被孢霉属(Mortierella)和Acremonium属呈极显著正相关,与赤霉菌数(Gibberella)、油壶�【Objective】Winter wheat at anthesis stage is sensitive to water stress and in this paper, we elucidate how enzymatic activity, microbial community and diversity in its rhizosphere respond to change in water stress.【Method】 The cultivar Jimai 22 was used as the model plant;we compared three water stresses: mild water stress(L), moderate water stress(M), and severe water stress(S), all occurring at the flowering stage. Sufficient irrigation was taken as the control(CK). In each treatment, we sampled the rhizosphere soil and then measured the enzymatic activities,microbial community and diversity in each sample using the Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology.【Result】Compared with CK, mild water stress increased and the severe water stress reduced the activity of sucrase,both at significant level, while the activity of the alkaline phosphatase remaining unchanged in the treatments. Water stress affected the diversity index of bacteria and fungi differently. Compared with CK, water stress reduced the Shannon index of bacteria significantly, while the Shannon index of fungi decreased significantly only under severe water stress. ACE, Chao1 and Simpson diversity indices of bacteria and fungi showed significant change only under severe water stress. It was found that water stress increased the relative abundance of Geobacter, Marseilla and Promicromonospora(P<0.05). The abundance of Gibberella, Mortierella, Olpidium, Blumeria, Cladosporium,Lectera, Alternaria and Acremonium varied with water stress. The relative abundance of Olpidium and Alternaria was higher in CK, while the relative abundance of Alternaria in the mild water stress was significantly higher than that in CK. Severe water stress significantly increased the abundance of Olpidium and Blumeria, while reducing the abundance of Mortierella. Redundancy analysis showed that soil water content and the activity of sucrose enzyme were negatively correlated with bacterial communities of Nocardia, Marseillaria, norank_f_Saccharimonadaceae,Promicro

关 键 词：冬小 水分胁迫 土壤酶活性 土壤微生物群落结构和多样性 

分 类 号：S365[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S154.3[农业科学—农艺学]