两种野生铁线莲多倍体诱导与鉴定  

Polyploid Induction and Identification of Two Wild Clematis

作　　者：刘志杰 郑妍 牛伟康 王鑫 李明阳[1] 刘冬云[1] LIU Zhijie;ZHENG Yan;NIU Weikang;WANG Xin;LI Mingyang;LIU Dongyun(College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071000)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园林与旅游学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第18期52-59,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：河北省科技厅资助项目(1220256)。

摘　　要：以河北省野生黄花铁线莲和大叶铁线莲的萌动种子为试材,采用秋水仙素多倍体诱导的方法,研究了不同处理组合对2种铁线莲的诱变效果,获得铁线莲多倍体材料,以期为铁线莲多倍体育种提供参考依据,创制的铁线莲多倍体材料经进一步培育有望作为新品种进行推广应用。结果表明:秋水仙素处理对植株形态和成苗情况的影响显著,0.1%浓度的秋水仙素处理对植株生长具有促进作用,0.3%浓度的秋水仙素表现出较强的抑制作用。采用染色体计数鉴定、流式细胞仪鉴定等方式确定变异株的染色体加倍情况,结合植株生长状态发现秋水仙素浓度为0.2%、处理时间为48 h的诱变效果最佳。变异株的叶绿素含量增加、胞间二氧化碳浓度降低,气孔导度、净光合速率、蒸腾速率升高,证明变异株光合作用增强。The germinating seeds of wild Clematis urophylla Franch.and Clematis heracleifolia DC.in Hebei Province were used as experimental materials,colchicine was used for polyploid induction,the mutagenesis effects of different treatment combinations on two kinds of Clematis were studied,in order to obtain polyploid materials of Clematis.The results showed that the effect of colchicine treatment on plant morphology and seedling formation was remarkable.It was found that 0.1%colchicine treatment had a certain promoting effect on plant growth,and 0.3%colchicine showed a strong inhibitory effect.The chromosome doubling of the mutant strain was determined by chromosome counting and flow cytometry,and combined with the growth status of the plant,it was found that the mutagenesis effect was the best when the concentration of colchicine was 0.2%and the treatment time was 48 hours.The chlorophyll content increased,intercellular carbon dioxide concentration decreased,stomatal conductance,net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate increased,which proved that the photosynthesis of mutant was enhanced.The research results could provide reference and theoretical support for the polyploid breeding of Clematis.The polyploid materials of Clematis are expected to be popularized as a new variety after further cultivation.

关 键 词：黄花铁线莲 大叶铁线莲 多倍体 秋水仙素 光合指标 

分 类 号：S603.6[农业科学—园艺学]