覆土材料对卵孢小奥德蘑出菇和产量的影响  

Effects of Casing Soil on Fruiting and Yield of Oudemansiella raphanipes

作　　者：高琳 王守现[1] 李俊亮 刘志国 刘宇[1] 秦文韬[1] GAO Lin;WANG Shouxian;LI Junliang;LIU Zhiguo;LIU Yu;QIN Wentao(Institute of Plant Protection,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Beijing Engineering Research Center for Edible Mushroom,Beijing 100097;Internationally Cooperative Research Center of China for New Germplasm Breeding of Edible Mushroom,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,Jilin 130118;College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010020)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物保护研究所,北京市食用菌工程技术研究中心,北京100097 [2]吉林农业大学食药用菌教育部工程研究中心,吉林长春130118 [3]内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第18期124-129,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年资助项目(32002106);北京市农林科学院创新能力建设专项资助项目(KJCX20220415);国家食用菌产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-20)。

摘　　要：以卵孢小奥德蘑为试材,以壤土、沙土和草炭土为覆土材料,采用覆土材料交叉混配后种植卵孢小奥德蘑的方法,研究了其出菇时间、产量、子实体农艺学性状与营养成分,明确不同覆土材料对卵孢小奥德蘑出菇和产量的影响,以期为卵孢小奥德蘑的科学栽培提供参考依据。结果表明:4种覆土处理卵孢小奥德蘑均能正常出菇,且与纯壤土相比,当覆土材料内添加草炭时,现原基和出菇时间有所提前,生产周期缩短,其中50%草炭混合50%壤土最适宜卵孢小奥德蘑的生长发育,其作为覆土材料时卵孢小奥德蘑现原基早,生产周期短,农艺学性状最好,生物学效率最高,为50.01%,单棒平均产量最高,达275.08 g,可在实际生产中应用。To determine the effects of different casing soils on the fruiting and yield of Oudemansiella raphanipes,loam,sand and peat commonly used in production were crossing mixed as casing soil to cultivate O.raphanipes,and the fruiting time,yield,agronomic traits and nutrients of fruiting bodies were evaluated.Results showed that the fruiting bodies could normally produced treated with the four kinds of casing soils.When peat was added into the casing soil,the primordia and fruiting bodies appeared earlier than that without peat,and the mushroom production period was shortened.Specifically,50%peat mixed with 50%loam was the most suitable casing soil in this study for the growth and development of the fruiting body of O.raphanipes,resulting in the earliest primordia,the shortest production period,the best agronomic traits,and the highest yield and biotransformation rate with 275.08 g and 50.01%per artifical bed-log on average,which could be applied to practical production.The results here will provide a theoretical basis for the scientific cultivation of O.raphanipes.

关 键 词：卵孢小奥德蘑 覆土材料 草炭 产量 出菇 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]