基因型影响磷镁互作下大豆生长及根瘤和菌根性状  

Genotype affects the interaction of phosphorus and magnesium on soybean growth,nodule and mycorrhizal traits

作　　者：郑林生 刘志强 陈康 王秀荣[1] ZHENG Lin-sheng;LIU Zhi-qiang;CHEN Kang;WANG Xiu-rong(State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Root Biology Center,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642,China;Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhumadian,Henan 463000,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室/华南农业大学根系生物学研究中心,广东广州510642 [2]驻马店市农业科学院,河南驻马店463000

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2022年第9期1685-1698,共14页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32072668)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确施加镁肥在不同磷处理的土壤上对不同基因型大豆生长及根瘤和菌根性状的影响。【方法】田间试验采用三因素试验设计,设置施PO40 kg/hm^(2)(P40)和100 kg/hm^(2)(P100)两个水平,施MgO 0kg/hm^(2)(Mg0)和75 kg/hm^(2)(Mg75)两个水平,磷高效基因型粤春03-3(YC03-3)和磷低效基因型本地2号(BD2)两个大豆基因型。测定了大豆植株干重、单株结荚数、根系性状、根瘤性状、菌根侵染率以及植株氮、磷、镁含量。【结果】P100处理显著增加了两个大豆基因型的植株干重、单株结荚数、总根长、根表面积和体积以及植株氮、磷、镁积累量。施用镁肥,YC03-3在P40和P100处理下植株干重、单株结荚数、植株氮和镁积累量均显著增加,在P100条件下植株磷积累量以及根表面积、根体积、根平均直径显著增加;BD2在P40和P100处理下植株镁积累量显著增加,P40条件下植株氮积累量显著增加。磷和镁处理显著影响大豆与有益微生物的共生。P40条件下,两个大豆基因型的根瘤数和根瘤干重在Mg0和Mg75处理间无显著差异;P100条件下Mg75处理BD2和YC03-3的根瘤数分别较Mg0处理增加了135%和178%,根瘤干重分别增加了308%和197%。Mg0条件下P40处理YC03-3的菌根侵染率较P100增加了31.6%;Mg75条件下P40处理的BD2菌根侵染率较P100增加了15.0%。P40条件下,Mg75提高了BD2菌根侵染率16.3%;P100条件下,Mg75提高了YC03-3菌根侵染率32.1%。主成分分析发现,P100条件下,Mg0与Mg75处理之间差异显著,而P40条件下镁处理之间差异不明显。【结论】增施磷肥显著促进了两个大豆基因型的生长,改善了植株氮、磷、镁养分状况。增施镁肥可增加磷高效大豆基因型YC03-3的地上部和根部干重、单株结荚数、植株氮积累量,对磷低效型基因BD2没有显著作用。YC03-3的根瘤密度对施磷和施镁响应较BD2显著。BD2的菌根侵染率在低磷条件下对施镁的反应敏感,【Objectives】The effects of magnesium(Mg)fertilizer on plant growth,nodule and mycorrhizal traits of different soybean genotypes were studied with different phosphorous(P)treatments.【Methods】A three-factor-two-level field experiment was conducted in Ningxi farm,South China Agricultural University.The three factors were POlevel in 40 kg/hm^(2)(P40)and 100 kg/hm^(2)(P100),MgO level in 0(Mg0)and 75 kg/hm^(2)(Mg75),and soybean genotypes of P-efficient Yuechun 03-3(YC03-3)and P-inefficient Bendi No.2(BD2).Plant dry weight,pod number,root and nodule traits,mycorrhizal colonization rate,and plant N,P,and Mg contents were measured.【Results】Compared with P40,P100 significantly increased plant dry weight,pod number,total root length,root surface area and volume,and the uptake of N,P,and Mg in the two soybean genotypes.For Pefficient genotype YC03-3,Mg75 treatment significantly increased the plant dry weight,pod number,plant N and Mg uptake under both P40 and P100 levels,and increased plant P uptake,root surface area,root volume,and average root diameter under P100 condition.For P-inefficient genotype BD2,Mg75 significantly increased plant Mg uptake under P40 and P100,and increased plant N uptake under P40.P and Mg treatments markedly affected the symbiosis between soybean and beneficial microorganisms.Mg75 did not affect the nodule number and dry weight of the two soybean genotypes under P40 condition,but increased the nodule number of BD2 and YC03-3by 135%and 178%,and the nodule dry weight by 308%and 197%under P100 condition,respectively.P40increased the mycorrhizal infection rate of YC03-3 by 31.6%under Mg0 and increased that of BD2 by 15%under Mg75,compared to the corresponding P100 treatment.Mg75 increased the mycorrhizal colonization rate of BD2by 16.3%under P40 condition,and increased that of YC03-3 by 32.1%under P100 condition.Principal component analysis showed that a significant difference existed between Mg0 and Mg75 treatments under P100condition,but no significant difference under P40.【Conclusion�

关 键 词：大豆基因型 施磷水平 施用镁肥 根系性状 根瘤性状 菌根侵染率 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]