气井带压作业油管内密封工具应用现状与发展趋势  

Application and development trend of sealing tools inside tubing during snubbing of gas wells

作　　者：胡旭光 罗园[1] 刘贵义 王斌 李红兵[1] HU Xuguang;LUO Yuan;LIU Guiyi;WANG Bin;LI Hongbing(Well Control Emergency Rescue Response Center,CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited,Guanghan,Sichuan 618300,China;Petroleum Engineering School,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China;Social Insur-ance Center,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610051,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司井控应急救援响应中心,四川广汉618300 [2]西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,四川成都610500 [3]中国石油西南油气田公司,四川成都610051

出　　处：《天然气技术与经济》2022年第5期32-37,共6页Natural Gas Technology and Economy

基　　金：中国石油天然气集团有限公司科研项目“气井带压作业技术推广”(编号:2020B-4121)。

摘　　要：气井带压作业技术在页岩气完井、致密气井修井中应用极为广泛,由于气井带压作业较油水井带压作业具有更高的风险,对油管内密封工具的气密封要求也就更高。为了解决气井带压作业不同工况下的油管内密封工具选择难题,系统梳理了气井带压作业油管内密封工具现状,总结了不同类型的油管内密封工具规格参数、技术特点及注意事项。研究结果表明:(1)定压接头及陶瓷堵塞器是气井带压下油管最常用的内密封工具,因定压接头打通后可能会对产层造成影响,目前通常采用双陶瓷堵塞器的方式进行封堵;(2)起管柱时使用可通过式/不可通过式油管堵塞器、可回收式/不可回收式油管桥塞、过油管桥塞实现管柱内密封;(3)起管柱时需根据有无预置工作筒、油管壁是否干净无结垢、是否在直井段封堵等因素选择合适的内密封工具。结论认为,面对更深井深、更高井压、更复杂入井液体及更复杂工况的气井带压作业,还需从提高卡瓦锚定能力、橡胶密封件性能、斜井段和液体环境适应性等方面开展攻关,研发出形成性能更优的油管内密封工具。snubbing technology used for gas wells prevail widely in not only completion of shale gas but workover of tight gas wells. Compared with the snubbing in oil and water wells, that in gas ones features additional risks, which may bring about superior requirements to gas sealing tools inside tubing. So, to solve a problem to choose the tools under various working conditions during the snubbing of gas wells, the sealing tools inside tubing were systematically analyzed in terms of snubbing operation and specifications, and technical characteristics and considerations were summed up for different sealing tools. Results show that,(1) constant-pressure joint and ceramic plug are the most common tools for the tubing in gas wells under pressure. The joint may impact the payzone after it is connected, so at present, dual ceramic plug is usually employed;(2) when the string is tripped out, string inner sealing is realized by using passable/unpassable tubing plug, retrievable/unretrievable tubing bridge plug or through tubing bridge plug;and(3) when the string is tripped out, the sealing tools shall be selected appropriately by considering whether working barrel is preset, tubing wall is clean or plugged in the vertical section. In conclusion, if this snubbing confronts with greater well depth, higher pressure, more complicated downhole fluids and working conditions, it is essential to increase the anchoring capacity of slip, the performance of rubber sealing and the environmental adaptability for deviated sections and fluids, so as to create the sealing tools with better performance.

关 键 词：气井带压作业技术 内密封工具 气密封 起管柱 卡瓦锚定能力 

分 类 号：TE931.2[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]