节流孔至冷头距离对制冷器启动时间的影响  

Influence of distance from orifice to cold head on the start-up time of cryocooler

作　　者：郭祥祥 王海先 GUO Xiang-xiang;WANG Hai-xian(The 11th Research Institute of CETC,Beijing 100015,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所,北京100015

出　　处：《激光与红外》2022年第10期1494-1497,共4页Laser & Infrared

摘　　要：为提升快速启动探测器的响应能力,研究了节流孔至杜瓦冷头距离对制冷器启动时间的影响。在节流孔直径、热交换器长度和形态一致的情况下,节流孔距离杜瓦冷头距离越近,启动时间越快。当制冷工质为氩气时,20 MPa是一个拐点压力。当供气压力在20 MPa以下时,节流孔至杜瓦冷头距离对启动时间影响更加显著,启动时间差距可达十几秒。当供气压力高于20 MPa时,不同的节流孔至杜瓦冷头距离导致的启动时间差基本都在2 s以内。当制冷工质为氮气时,拐点压力为30 MPa,启动时间的相关规律和氩气工质类似。本文研究结果对改进快速启动制冷器设计有一定的参考意义。To improve the response capability of the fast cooling-down detector,the influence of the distance from the orifice to the Dewar cold head on the start-up time of the cryocooler is studied.With the same orifice diameter,heat exchanger length and shape,the closer the orifice is to the Dewar cold head,the faster the start-up time.When the refrigerant is argon,20 MPa is an inflection point pressure.As the air supply pressure is below 20 MPa,the distance from the orifice to the Dewar cold head has a more significant impact on the start-up time,and the difference in start-up time can reach more than ten seconds.When the gas supply pressure is higher than 20 MPa,the start-up time difference caused by the distance between the orifice and the Dewar cold head is basically less than two seconds.On the condition that the refrigerant is nitrogen,30 MPa is the inflection point pressure.The correlation law of the start-up time is similar to that of argon.The results of this paper have some reference significance for improving the design of fast cooling-down cryocoolers.

关 键 词：制冷器 快速启动 节流孔 冷头 距离 

分 类 号：TB65[一般工业技术—制冷工程]