基于THINC/QQ格式的超空泡鱼雷三维流场特性及水动力性能优化研究  

3D Flow Field Characteristics and Hydrodynamic Optimization of Supercavitating Torpedoes Based on THINC/QQ Scheme

作　　者：肖腾 谢彬 杜艳平[3] XIAO Teng;XIE Bin;DU Yan-ping(State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Marine Numerical Experiment Center,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;China-UK Low Carbon College,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学海洋工程国家重点实验室,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学船海工程数值试验中心,上海200240 [3]上海交通大学中英国际低碳学院,上海201306

出　　处：《水下无人系统学报》2022年第5期575-585,共11页Journal of Unmanned Undersea Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11802178);上海交通大学“深蓝计划”面上项目(SM2020MS004).

摘　　要：为了研究超空泡鱼雷的超空泡形态演化及水动力特性,采用开源软件OPENFOAM对超空泡鱼雷自然空泡的复杂流动过程进行了三维数值仿真研究。首先,基于THINC/QQ格式、剪切应力传输k-ω湍流模型以及Schnerr-Sauer空化模型在非结构网格上建立了不可压缩流体体积函数多相流模型,并通过与水洞实验案例对比验证了该求解器的准确性。在此基础上,该研究对无尾翼鱼雷模型开展了不同速度、不同空化器形状以及不同表面浸润性条件下的超空泡流动数值仿真,给出了典型工况下超空泡鱼雷的三维流场演化过程以及水动力变化规律,对比了多种空化器形状和尺寸参数的超空泡流场和水动力特性。结果表明:具有一定锥度或者本身阻力系数较小的空化器可有效降低航行阻力,但因损失空泡体积可能会降低航行稳定性。文中还新颖地研究了鱼雷表面材料亲疏水性及其布置位置对超空泡水动力性能的影响,可为超空泡减阻领域的相关研究提供参考。The OPENFOAM platform was used to perform three-dimensional numerical simulations of the complex flow process of supercavitating torpedoes to investigate the morphological evolution of cavitation and hydrodynamic characteristics of supercavitating torpedoes. A numerical model of the volume of incompressible fluid was developed by integrating the THINC/QQ scheme, shear stress transport(SST) k-ω turbulence model and Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model, and the accuracy of the solver was comparatively verified by the results of the water tunnel experiments. Furthermore, the supercavitating behaviors were numerically investigated for a tailless torpedo considering crucial parameters including velocity, cavitator shape and surface wettability, and the three-dimensional flow field evolution process and hydrodynamic features of the supercavitating torpedo under typical operating conditions were obtained. In addition, the supercavitating flow field and hydrodynamic features of various cavitators with different shapes and sizes were compared. Results show that a cavitator with a certain taper or a low drag coefficient can effectively decrease the navigating drag. However, the reduced volume of the cavity may affect the stability of navigation. The effect of the hydrophobic material on the torpedo surface and its distribution on the hydrodynamic performance of the supercavitating torpedo was investigated as well. The results can provide some guidance for studies on drag reduction for supercavitating torpedoes.

关 键 词：超空泡鱼雷 空化器 减阻 

分 类 号：TJ630.1[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程] U662.2[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]