甘蔗野生种割手密杂交F1代SSR鉴定和遗传分析  

Identification and Genetic Analysis of F1 Hybrids from Wild Saccharum spontaneum L. of Sugarcane Using SSR Markers

作　　者：田春艳 边芯[1] 董立华[1] 吴才文[2] 郎荣斌[1] 俞华先[1] 张钰 桃联安[1] 经艳芬[1] TIAN Chunyan;BIAN Xin;DONG Lihua;WU Caiwen;LANG Rongbin;YU Huaxian;ZHANG Yu;TAO Lianan;JING Yanfen(Ruili Breeding Station,Sugarcane Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ruili,Yunnan 678600,China;Sugarcane Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Kaiyuan,Yunnan 661699,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所瑞丽育种站,云南瑞丽678600 [2]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所/云南省甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,云南开远661699

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2022年第10期2021-2029,共9页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31860406);国家重点研发计划项目子课题(No.2018YFD1000503);云南省基础研究面上项目(No.2019FB053)。

摘　　要：割手密具有宿根性好、抗逆性强和适应性广等特性,是甘蔗育种中利用最多,育种成效最显著的野生种。进一步发掘和利用割手密优良抗逆基因资源对现代甘蔗品种改良具有重要意义。为获得更多优良割手密的真实杂交后代,本研究以2个地方种为母本、3个野生割手密为父本进行杂交,获得3个F群体,共359份杂交后代。并从21对SSR标记中筛选出在双亲中具有多态性且扩增条带清晰的6对SSR标记,基于高通量的荧光毛细管电泳检测平台进行杂交后代真实性鉴定、亲本指纹图谱分析、遗传相似性分析和特异性条带的遗传分析。结果表明:共筛选出的6对SSR标记对5个亲本材料的分辨率较高,扩增多态性好,每个亲本都具有其特异的SSR指纹,可有效鉴定其杂交后代血缘的真实性;其中,359份F个体中共鉴定出真杂种262份,3个组合的真杂种率分别为67.77%、75.51%、75.66%,平均值为72.98%。遗传相似性分析表明2个地方种的遗传相似性系数为0.70,3个割手密两两间的遗传相似性系数分别为0.53、0.60和0.70,地方种和割手密间为0.38~0.53,种间遗传相似性系数小于种内。亲本特异性SSR位点的遗传分析结果表明,3个组合的母本特异性条带遗传率分别为68.47%、80.96%、73.39%,平均值为74.27%,而父本特异性条带遗传率分别为58.90%、76.60%、61.45%,平均值为65.65%,杂交后代具有偏母本遗传倾向,因此,在甘蔗杂交育种中应选择综合农艺性状较好的材料作为母本。本研究结果为今后割手密杂交后代的鉴定提供了高效、可靠的SSR标记选择,同时鉴定出的真实割手密后代群体可为开展割手密优异性状的遗传研究提供种质材料,为选育超亲遗传株系提供科学依据。Saccharum spontaneum is the most widely used and the most successful wild species in sugarcane breeding due to its good ratoon ability, strong stress resistance and wide adaptability. It has a great significance for sugarcane cultivars improvement by further exploring and using excellent stress resistance genes resources of wide S. spontaneum in modern sugarcane breeding programs. To obtain more true hybrids of S. spontaneum, three segregation populations of three hundred and fifty-nine Fhybrids were developed from the inter-specific hybridization between two landrace(female) clones and three S. spontaneum(male) genotypes in this study. Six SSR primer pairs with polymorphism and clear amplification fragments within parents were selected from twenty-one SSR primer pairs and the high-throughput fluorescence-capillary electrophoresis detection platform were used for SSR genotyping. Subsequently, hybrid identification,SSR fingerprints analysis of five parents, genetic similarity analysis within each two parents, and genetic analysis of parental-specific fragments were performed. The results showed that 6 SSR markers screened out in this study had high resolution and good amplification polymorphism within 5 parents. The map of five parents indicated that each parent had a unique SSR fingerprint, which could effectively identify the blood authenticity of their hybrid offspring. 262 of 359 progenies from three crosses were identified to be true hybrids, and the percentage of true hybrids were 67.77%,75.51% and 75.66%, respectively, with a mean of 72.98%. Pairwise genetic similarity analysis showed that the coefficients of genetic similarity(SC) between two landraces was 0.70. The SC value of each two S. spontaneum genotypes were 0.53, 0.60 and 0.70, respectively. Whereas, the SC value between landrace and S. spontaneum genotypes ranged from 0.38 to 0.53, suggesting a smaller SC value was existed in inter-species than intra-species. Genetic analysis of SSR fragments revealed that heritability of female specific fragments

关 键 词：甘蔗 割手密 SSR 杂种鉴定 遗传 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]