冀东油田深部难钻地层PDC钻头优化设计  

Bit Optimization of Deep Complex Lithological Formations in Jidong Oilfield

作　　者：徐小峰[1] 李云峰[1] 王昶皓 李士斌[2] 宋巍[1] 周岩[1] 陈春来[1] XU Xiaofeng;LI Yunfeng;WANG Changhao;LI Shibin;SONG Wei;ZHOU Yan;CHEN Chunlai(Drilling and Production Technology Institute,Jidong Oilfield,Tangshan,Hebei 063000,China;Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163318,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油冀东油田钻采工艺研究院 [2]东北石油大学

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2022年第5期22-28,共7页Drilling & Production Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“地层岩石对钻头磨损机理及研磨性评价标准研究”(编号:51874098)。

摘　　要：冀东油田深部地层岩性复杂,具有硬度高、研磨性强,极不均质等特点,导致PDC钻头的平均进尺和使用寿命均较短,严重制约着钻井效率。文章针对此问题,开展该地区岩石的XRD实验,获取了岩石矿物组分,结合地展硬度、塑性系数和PDC钻头的可钻性测试结果,建立了深部地层抗钻特性剖面;建立岩石破碎条件下的地层—PDC钻头系统力学模型,分析单齿复合片破岩时的受力状态:随着后倾角的增大,轴向力先增大后平稳,侧向力则出现拐点。综合室内抗钻特性测试和数值模拟结果得到最优后倾角为15°、最优喷嘴组合为两个直径16 mm的中心喷嘴+5个直径14 mm的外围喷嘴时钻头有利于破碎致密泥岩、硬夹层,机械钻速提高明显,这对冀东油田持续提速降本具有重要意义。The lithology of deep strata in Jidong Oilfield is complex with high hardness,strong abrasiveness and extremely inhomogeneity,resulting in a short average footage and life of the PDC bits,which seriously restricts the drilling efficiency.In order to solve this problem,the rock X-ray diffraction experiment was carried out to obtain the mineral composition,hardness and plasticity coefficient of the rock.Combined with the drillability test results of PDC bit and roller bit,the drilling resistance profile of deep formation was established.Then,the mechanical model of formation-PDC drill bit under the condition of rock cutting was established.The stress state of single cutter in rock cutting was analyzed,showing that with the increase of the back angle,the axial force increases first and then stabilizes,while the lateral force appears an inflection point.According to the results of drilling resistance test and numerical simulation,when the optimal dip angle is 15°and the optimal nozzle combination is two 16 mm central nozzles plus five 14 mm peripheral nozzles,the drill bit is conducive to crushing tight mudstone and hard interlayer,and the rate of penetration is significantly increased,which is of great significance to ensure the continuous speed increase and cost reduction of Jidong Oilfield.

关 键 词：深部复杂地层 抗钻特性剖面 后倾角 岩石破碎 喷嘴组合 钻头优化 

分 类 号：TE921.1[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]