大亚湾大鹏澳海域贝类和浮游植物中脂溶性毒素及软骨藻酸研究  

Study on lipophilic toxins and okadaic acid in shellfish and phytoplankton from Dapeng cove,Daya bay

作　　者：查道军 李嫒芳 丁任业 谢艺萱 郑关超 谭志军[2] 李玉 江涛 ZHA Dao-jun;LI Ai-fang;DING Ren-ye;XIE Yi-xuan;ZHENG Guan-chao;TAN Zhi-jun;LI Yu;JIANG Tao(School of Marine and Geomatics,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222000,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Sustainable Development,Ministry of Agriculture,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;College of Ocean,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学海洋技术与测绘学院,江苏连云港222000 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [3]烟台大学海洋学院,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2022年第5期753-760,共8页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项(2018FYD100200);国家自然科学基金项目(41676103)。

摘　　要：本文采用液相色谱-质谱联用法(LC-MS/MS)研究了2017年4个季节大亚湾大鹏澳水体浮游植物以及葡萄牙牡蛎(Crassostrea angulata)、紫贻贝(Mytilus edulis)和珍珠贝(Pteria margaritifera)3种双壳贝类中脂溶性毒素的含量特征。结果显示,水体浮游植物中存在具尾鳍藻(Dinophysis caudata)和拟菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia spp.)两种产毒藻;浮游植物网采浓缩样品中检出了鳍藻毒素(dinophysis toxin,DTX)、扇贝毒素(pectenotoxin,PTX)、环亚胺毒素(gymnodimine,GYM)、软骨藻酸(domoic acid,DA)4种毒素。D.caudata细胞丰度在春季最高(420 cells/L),在其他季节也有分布(丰度低于50 cells/L)。Pseudo-nitzschia spp.细胞丰度最高值也出现在春季,其次是夏季,秋、冬季细胞丰度较低;与此对应,水体中DA也仅在春、夏季检出,而秋、冬季未检出。在贝类样品中检出4种贝类毒素,分别为大田软海绵酸(okadaic acid,OA)、PTX、GYM和DA。其中OA和PTX在3种贝类样品贝肉组织中未被检测到,但在消化腺中被检测到,且主要出现在秋季;GYM和DA在3种贝类样品的消化腺和贝肉组织中均被检测到,且DA含量明显低于GYM。OA、PTX和DA在消化腺中的含量显著高于贝肉组织(OA和PTX未检出样品除外)(P<0.01),但GYM在消化腺和贝肉组织中的含量相差不大(P>0.05)。总体来讲,本次调查中所有脂溶性毒素含量较低,均在可食用的安全范围内。In this study,we used LC-MS/MS to study the lipophilic toxins in phytoplankton and three bivalves(Crassostrea angulata,Mytilus edulis,Pteria margaritifera)in Dapeng cove of Daya bay in four seasons in 2017.The results showed that there were two kinds of toxigenic algae in the water,i.e.,Dinophysis caudata and Pseudo-nitzschia spp.DTX,PTX,GYM and DA were detected in the concentrated phytoplankton of net samples.The cell abundance of D.caudata was the highest in spring(420 cells/L),and also distributed in other seasons(less than 50 cells/L)The highest cell abundance of Pseudo-nitzschia spp.also appeared in spring,followed by summer,and the cell abundance was lower in autumn and winter.Correspondingly,DA was detected only in spring and summer,but not in autumn and winter.Four kinds of toxins,OA,PTX,GYM and DA were detected in shellfish samples.OA and PTX were not detected in the musscle of three shellfish samples,but they were detected in the digestive gland,which mainly appeared in autumn.GYM and DA were detected both in the digestive gland and muscle of all shellfish samples,but the DA concentration was significantly lower than that of GYM.The contents of OA,PTX and DA in digestive gland were significantly higher than those in musscle(P<0.01),but GYM concentration showed no significant difference in digestive gland and muscle(P>0.05).Generally speaking,the content of all lipophilic toxins measured in this survey is low and within the safe range of edible.

关 键 词：有毒藻 脂溶性贝类毒素 液相色谱-质谱联用 具尾鳍藻 拟菱形藻 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]