乌江干流中下游鱼类DNA条形码研究  

DNA Barcoding of Fishes in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Wujiang River

作　　者：张钰 李若剑 程如丽 王梦 刘智皓[1] 陈启亮[1] 李英文[1] 沈彦君 ZHANG Yu;LI Ruojian;CHENG Ruli;WANG Meng;LIU Zhihao;CHEN Qiliang;LI Yingwen;SHEN Yanjun(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology,College of Life Science,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331;Agricultural Integrated Service Center,Yanglongsi,Xifeng,Xifeng Guizhou 551106,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学生命科学学院,重庆市高校动物生物学重点实验室,重庆401331 [2]息烽县养龙司镇农业综合服务中心,贵州息烽551106

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期29-39,共11页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31901183);重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(No.cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0157);重庆师范大学校立博士启动基金(No.18XLB007)。

摘　　要：【目的】调查乌江干流中下游鱼类资源状况并初步构建乌江流域鱼类DNA条形码数据库。【方法】以COI基因作为DNA条形码,通过条形码缝隙(Barcode gap)分析、ABGD(Automatic barcode gap discovery)分析和邻接(Neighbor-joining, NJ)树构建等方法对乌江干流647尾鱼类样本进行了分子鉴定。【结果】1)通过形态学鉴定,共鉴定出鱼类3目8科35属47种,其中鲤形目(Cypriniformes)、鲇形目(Siluriformes)和鲈形目(Perciformes)的种类数分别占全部种类数的70.21%,19.15%和10.64%。2)非单样本物种中仅蛇鮈(Saurogobio dabryi)与银鮈(Squalidus argentatus)间不存在条形码缝隙。3) NJ树分析结果显示47个物种均各自聚为1支,ABGD分析结果显示647尾鱼类样本可划分为49个OTU,与NJ树分析结果相近。4) DNA条形码分子鉴定结果与形态鉴定结果一致。【结论】DNA条形码在乌江鱼类中的鉴定成功率为97.22%;初步构建的乌江流域鱼类DNA条形码数据库为乌江流域鱼类生物多样性保护提供了一定的科学依据和数据支持。[Purposes]In order to investigate the fish resources in the middle and lower reaches of the Wujiang river, and initially construct the fish DNA barcoding database in the Wujiang river basin. [Methods]Based on the COI gene as DNA barcode, the molecular identification of 647 fish samples from the main stream of Wujiang river was carried out by the barcode gap analysis, ABGD(Automatic barcode gap discovery) analysis and neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree. [Findings]1) A total of 47 fish species were identified by morphological identification, belonging to 3 orders, 8 families and 35 genera. 2) The barcode gap analysis showed that there was no barcode gap between Saurogobio dabryi and Squalidus argentatus among non-single sample species. 3) The constructed NJ phylogenetic tree showed that 47 species were respectively clustered into individual branches. The results of ABGD analysis showed that the 647 fish samples could be divided into 49 OTU, which was similar to the results of NJ phylogenetic tree. 4) The results of DNA barcoding were consistent with those of morphological identification. [Conclusions]Overall, the success rate of DNA barcodes identification was 97.22%. This study preliminatively constructed the fish DNA Barcoding database in the Wujiang river basin, which provided some scientific basis and data support for the conservation of fish biodiversity in the Wujiang river basin.

关 键 词：乌江 DNA条形码 COI基因 鱼类资源 

分 类 号：Q953[生物学—动物学]